HomeMy WebLinkAbout2015 05 11 Consent 301 Resolution 2015-13COMMISSION AGENDA
ITEM 301
Informational
Consent
X
Public Hearings
Regular
May 11, 2015 KS KL
Regular Meeting City Manager Department
REQUEST:
The Public Works Department requesting City Commission approval of Resolution 2015 -13
adopting the Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy for 2015 -2020.
SYNOPSIS:
The Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy is a countywide process that encourages
hazard mitigation by decreasing or eliminating the effects of identified vulnerabilities and
making the community more resilient to the impacts of disasters. The City's adoption of the
Local Mitigation Strategy is required for post- disaster funding eligibility and for hazard
mitigation grant opportunities.
CONSIDERATIONS:
The Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) is an initiative implemented in 1999
to meet regulatory requirements for disaster assistance. The LMS is a countywide process
that encourages hazard mitigation by decreasing or eliminating the effects of identified
vulnerabilities and making the community more resilient to the impacts of disasters.
The City's adoption of the Local Mitigation Strategy is required for post- disaster funding
eligibility and for hazard mitigation grant opportunities. The City has completed several
projects funded through hazard mitigation grants, including window protection at the Senior
Center.
This agenda item is for the adoption of the 2015 -2020 five year update of the Local
Mitigation Strategy. The City Commission previously approved the initial Seminole
County Local Mitigation Strategy Plan on September 25, 2000 and an updated versions on
February 14, 2005 and April 12, 2010.
Consent 301 PAGE 1 OF 2 - May 11, 2015
Attachment 1 is Resolution 2015 -13 for the adoption of the 2015 -2020 Local Mitigation
Strategy, and Attachment 2 is the complete Local Mitigation Strategy document.
FISCAL IMPACT:
No funding is required for the adoption of the Local Mitigation Strategy.
COMMUNICATION EFFORTS:
This Agenda Item has been electronically forwarded to the Mayor and City Commission,
City Manager, City Attorney /Staff, and is available on the City's Website, LaserFiche, and
the City's Server. Additionally, portions of this Agenda Item are typed verbatim on the
respective Meeting Agenda which has also been electronically forwarded to the individuals
noted above, and which is also available on the City's Website, LaserFiche, and the City's
Server; has been sent to applicable City Staff, Media/Press Representatives who have
requested Agendas /Agenda Item information, Homeowner's Associations/Representatives
on file with the City, and all individuals who have requested such information. This
information has also been posted outside City Hall, posted inside City Hall with additional
copies available for the General Public, and posted at five (5) different locations around the
City. Furthermore, this information is also available to any individual requestors. City Staff
is always willing to discuss this Agenda Item or any Agenda Item with any interested
individuals.
RECOMMENDATION:
Staff recommends the City Commission approve Resolution 2015 -13 adopting the Seminole
County Local Mitigation Strategy for 2015 -2020.
ATTACHMENTS:
1. Attachment 1 - Resolution 2015 -13 (2 pages)
2. Attachment 2 - Seminole County 2015 -2020 Local Mitigation Strategy (79 pages)
Consent 301 PAGE 2 OF 2 - May 11, 2015
Attachment 1
RESOLUTION NO. 2015 -13
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COMMISSION OF
WINTER SPRINGS, FLORIDA ADOPTING THE 2015 -2020
SEMINOLE COUNTY LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY PLAN;
AND PROVIDING FOR AN EFFECTIVE DATE.
WHEREAS, The City of Winter Springs is charged with the duty of
protecting the health, safety, and welfare of its citizens; and
WHEREAS, areas of the City of Winter Springs are vulnerable to a wide
range of natural, man -made and technological threats with potential human and
economic costs; and
WHEREAS, the City of Winter Springs realizes the importance of reducing
or eliminating those vulnerabilities for the overall good and welfare of the
community, and
WHEREAS, the City of Winter Springs has been an active participant in
the Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group, which has established a
comprehensive, coordinated planning process involving the county and its
municipalities, as well as other public and private sector organizations, to
eliminate or decrease these vulnerabilities, and
WHEREAS, the City adopted the initial Local Mitigation Strategy on
September 25, 2000 and updates of the plan on February 14, 2005 and April 12,
2010, which identified and prioritized hazardous and susceptible structures and
developed programs that reduced the City's vulnerability to disasters; and
WHEREAS, the Federal Government has implemented new and updated
Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) standards which further enhance the
minimum standards previously required; and
WHEREAS, City of Winter Springs representatives have reviewed the
information provided by or for other participating jurisdictions and organizations,
including the projects and programs they have proposed for incorporation into the
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy update for 2015; and
WHEREAS, these proposed projects and programs have been
incorporated into the current edition of the Seminole County Local Mitigation
Strategy that has been prepared and issued for consideration and
implementation by the County and municipalities of Seminole County; and
WHEREAS, adoption of this document by the City will provide for
continued grant funding for local mitigation initiatives, as approved through the
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA);
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COMMISSION OF
WINTER SPRINGS, FLORIDA, AS FOLLOWS:
The City of Winter Springs hereby accepts and formally adopts the 2015 -2020
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy,
The City of Winter Springs accepts and endorses the mitigation goals and
objectives established by the Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group for the
countywide plan,
The
City of
Winter Springs finds
that the proposed mitigation projects and
programs
included
in the strategy by
other jurisdictions and organizations are
acceptable
and will
not adversely affect the
county or its neighborhoods,
The
City
of Winter
Springs will
continue
to participate
in the updating and
expansion
of the
Seminole
County Local
Mitigation
Strategy in the
years ahead, and
Passed and adopted this day of 12015.
CITY OF WINTER SPRINGS, FLORIDA
CHARLES LACEY, MAYOR
ATTEST:
ANDREA LORENZO- LUACES, CITY CLERK
Attachment 2
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Local Mitigation Strategy
for
Seminole County
and its
Municipalities
FLORIDA'S NATL KAL CHOICL
2015 -2020
0101116a Page 1
SE1llA�OLE C_��LlA71
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Contents
ExecutiveSummary ..................................................................................................................................................................
..............................3
General.....................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................4
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................................
..............................4
Purpose................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................4
PlanningProcess ..................................................................................................................................................................
..............................4
ParticipatingOrganizations .............................................................................................................................................
..............................4
PublicParticipation .........................................................................................................................................................
..............................6
UpdateProcess ...............................................................................................................................................................
..............................6
RiskAssessment .......................................................................................................................................................................
............................... S
Hazards...............................................................................................................................................................................
............................... S
RelativeRisk ....................................................................................................................................................................
..............................9
RelativeRisk Calculation / Scale .....................................................................................................................................
............................... 10
HazardAnalysis .................................................................................................................................................................
............................... 11
Vulnerability..........................................................................................................................................................................
............................... 40
AssessingVulnerabilities ..........................................................................................................................................................
............................. 40
RepetitiveLoss Properties ................................................................................................................................................
............................... 40
LandUse Trends and Potential Loss .................................................................................................................................
............................... 42
CriticalFacilities and Structure .........................................................................................................................................
............................... 42
MitigationGoals ....................................................................................................................................................................
............................... 43
MitigationActions .............................................................................................................................................................
............................... 43
Seminole County Local Mitigation Goals and Objectives .......................................................................................................
............................... 44
Addressing Known Risks and Vulnerabilities .......................................................................................................................
............................. 47
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Compliance ..........................................................................................................
............................... 45
CommunityRating System .....................................................................................................................................................
............................... 45
Implementation.....................................................................................................................................................................
............................... 49
Prioritizationof Actions ....................................................................................................................................................
............................... 49
MitigationProject Priority List ...............................................................................................................................................
............................... 50
Responsiblefor Mitigation Actions ...................................................................................................................................
............................... 50
Cost - Benefit Analysis ........................................................................................................................................................
............................... 50
ActionsCompleted ............................................................................................................................................................
............................... 50
StrategyMaintenance ...........................................................................................................................................................
............................... 51
LMSMonitoring and Evaluation .......................................................................................................................................
............................... 51
LMSUpdates .....................................................................................................................................................................
............................... 51
Implementation through Existing Plans and Programs .....................................................................................................
............................... 52
Authoritiesand References ...................................................................................................................................................
............................... 53
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Executive Summary
Seminole County is threatened by a variety of different types of natural, technological, and human - caused hazards.
These hazards endanger the health and safety of the community, jeopardize its economic vitality, and threaten the
quality of its environment. The public and private sectors of Seminole County have joined together to create the
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group (LMS Working Group) to undertake a comprehensive
planning process. This process analyzes the multitudes of hazards that affect Seminole County while developing
effective mitigation measures to lessen the overall impact to the community.
This document encompasses a multi - jurisdictional approach to hazard mitigation planning. The planning process
was conducted through the coordinated and cooperative effort of several local governments including City of
Altamonte Springs, City of Casselberry, City of Lake Mary, City of Longwood, City of Oviedo, City of Sanford, City of
Winter Springs, and Seminole County. Seminole County's seven municipalities have formally adopted the current
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy. Upon approval of this updated Seminole County Local Mitigation
Strategy a new resolution will be formally adopted.
The LMS Working Group has also conducted a significant amount of research to identify the hazards threatening
Seminole County in order to estimate relative risk posed to the County by those hazards. For each hazard, an
impact analysis was completed that evaluated impacts to the public, property, environment, and program
operations. A consequence analysis was completed that examined the potential consequences in relationship to
the public, responder safety, continuity of operations, property /facilities /infrastructure, environment, economic
and public confidence in the jurisdictions governance'. The information in this document has been used by the LMS
Working Group to prioritize its planning efforts to assess the vulnerabilities of the facilities and neighborhoods of
Seminole County to the impacts of future disasters. The LMS Working group has worked to identify, justify and
prioritize specific proposals for projects and programs that will avoid or minimize these vulnerabilities.
Proposed projects and programs aimed at reducing the impacts of future disasters are called "mitigation initiatives'
in this document. Mitigation initiatives have been developed, and will continue to be developed by the LMS
Working Group as new hazard research is conducted; risk levels are increased, and as resources and opportunities
become available. Implementation of this strategy is essential and will continue to help make participating
communities more resistant to the effects of major disasters.
This strategy will continue to be updated and expanded in the future to encompass changes in characteristics of
hazards, experiences with disasters, and changing conditions of participating jurisdictions. The update process and
future editions of the mitigation plan issued will also be used to continue to inform and involve the general public
and other interested groups to fully participate in making the community more resistant to the impacts of future
disasters.
' EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Page 3
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
General
Introduction
Mitigation is any action taken to permanently reduce or eliminate the risk to people and their property
from the effects of hazards. The key to successful hazard vulnerability reduction through mitigation is to
implement a well conceived planning process. The LMS Working Group is established to ensure the public,
private, and non - profit sectors of the community more resistant to the impacts of future disasters. The LMS
Working Group has been tasked with a comprehensive evaluation of the vulnerabilities of Seminole County
for all- hazards in order to identify ways to make the community more resilient to the impacts of a disaster.
Purpose
The primary purpose of the LMS is to establish an on -going process that encourages hazard mitigation as
part of a daily routine for Seminole County. The LMS process encouraged Seminole County to assess its
vulnerabilities to all types of hazards, identify a comprehensive list of goals, objectives, plans, programs and
projects in order to decrease or eliminate the effects of the identified vulnerabilities and then finally
prioritize the implementation of the selected initiatives.
Planning Process
The LMS Working Group is comprised of all local government agencies within Seminole County, business
leaders, community organizations, inter -faith groups, healthcare facilities, school board personnel and
citizens.
On a periodic basis, the LMS Working Group solicits the continuing involvement in mitigation planning by
each jurisdiction in Seminole County. Jurisdictions are encouraged to identify agencies and organizations
that should represent the jurisdiction on the LMS Working Group. Written solicitation was issued by
Seminole County's Office of Emergency Management to local jurisdictions, adjacent counties, community
and faith based organizations to attend a LMS Planning Team Kick -Off Meeting on March 17, 2014.
Subsequent meetings were held on May 29`h, July 15`h, October 9`h, and November 13`h, 2014.
Organizations not directly associated with the state, regional or local governments, such as large
businesses and volunteer agencies and the public are solicited on an annual basis to join the planning
process, as well as periodic public information efforts through the LMS Working Group. Organizations that
respond and attend the meetings are considered to be participants in the Seminole County LMS Planning
Process and requested to engage in the meetings and planning activities necessary to develop, maintain
and implement the plan.
Participating Organizations
Participating local government agencies are registered as organizations under the appropriate jurisdiction,
as are other groups, associations, districts, regions, and agencies, both public and private, which serve the
jurisdiction they are headquartered in.
Seminole County's multi - jurisdictional planning approach enables all interested organizations, groups, and
agencies, regardless of their total number, to be directly and actively involved in the planning within a
Page 4
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
limited number of jurisdictions. Seminole County has involved seven jurisdictions defined as active
participants in the planning process.
The active planning participants include: City of Altamonte Springs, City of Casselberry, City of Lake Mary,
City of Longwood, City of Oviedo, City of Sanford, City of Winter Springs, and Seminole County.
This is an all- inclusive list for all the entities within Seminole County required to approve the LMS as a
multi - jurisdictional plan. Participation will be identified by attendance and active participation in the
process. Participating entities are the same jurisdictions that participated in the 2010 plan update and they
have been consistently active in the process since that time.
This LMS Working Group has had participation by all of the entities listed below to the extent that they
have attended the meetings, participated, and contributed to the update process of gathering data,
providing insight, and information all in the effort to better mitigate Seminole County.
Frankie Lumm
American Red Cross
Disaster Program Manager
Phil Riebel
Citizen
Citizen
Benjamin
Korson
Citizen
Citizen
Lucius Cushman
Citizen
Citizen
James T. Van Horn
Citizen
Citizen
Michelle Bernstein
Citizen
Citizen
Anthony Apfelbeck
City of Altamonte Springs
Fire Marshall /Building Official
Danielle Marshall
City of Altamonte Springs
Division Director
Mark Gisclar
City of Casselberry
Public Works Director
Kenna Henry
City of Casselberry
Public Works Management Analyst
Danielle Koury
City of Lake Mary
Stormwater Engineer
David Dovan
City of Lake Mary
Assistant Public Works Director
Paul Ross
City of Longwood
Lieutenant
Cindy Carbonell
City of Longwood
Battalion Chief
William Gulbrandsen
City of Longwood
Fire Chief
David Waller
City of Oviedo
Operations Manager
Lars White
City of Oviedo
Fire Chief
Brett Hart
City of Sanford
Consultant
Brian Sharbono
City of Sanford
Firefighter/ Paramedic
Zynka Perez
City of Winter Springs
Stormwater Utility Manager
Lloyd Frausel
DOH - Seminole
Operations and Management Consultant
Tommie Suggs
Florida Forest Service
Forest Area Supervisor
Eugene McDonald
Florida Forest Service
Forest Area Supervisor
Cliff Frazier
Florida Forest Service
Wildfire Mitigation Specialist
John Murphy
HarvestTime International
CEO
Eric Alberts
Orlando Health
Emergency Preparedness Manager
Keila Walker
Orlando Health
Emergency Preparedness Specialist
Tony Coleman
Seminole County Building & Development
CRS Coordinator/ Floodplain Administrator
Ken York
Seminole County Economic Development
Program Manager
Alan Harris
Seminole County Emergency Management
Emergency Manager
Nikolai Mon
Seminole County Emergency Management
Intern
Josh Sheldon
Seminole County Emergency Management
Intern
Tina Dantuma
Seminole County Emergency Management
Intern
Steven Lerner
Seminole County Emergency Management
Mitigation- Recovery Coordinator
Shirley Exner
Seminole County Emergency Management
Senior Planner
Jennifer Tart
Seminole County Emergency Management
Emergency Management Specialist
Mark Flomerfelt
Seminole County Engineering
Professional Engineer
Robert Beck
Seminole County Fire Department
Division Chief
Page 5
Sc111 v <?Lec ?Ari
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Jim Duby
Seminole County Natural Lands
Manager, Natural Lands
Michael Rigby
Seminole County Public Schools
Facilities Planning/Operations Planner
Marie Lackey
Seminole County Public Works
Public Works Outreach Coordinator
Rolando Raymundo
Seminole County Public Works
Professional Engineer
Bill Litton
Seminole County Sheriff's Office
Emergency Management Coordinator
Deb Lightfoot
Seminole H.E.A.R.T.
Board of Director's
Maxine Oliver
Seminole State College
Safety, Security, Risk Mgmt. Director
Public Participation
Several public information activities have been undertaken to explain the mitigation planning process to
the community and to solicit their input and involvement in the planning process, as well as provide
mitigation awareness and educational information. The LMS Working Group welcomes public input to the
planning process, and fosters public participation through the issuance of legal notices and holding public
meetings. For the update of this document, a link was added to www.prepareseminole.com that continues
to allow the public to submit input and comment for the LMS update. Social media was also utilized
through postings on both Facebook and Twitter to allow citizens the opportunity to read the plan and
comment via email to the LMS Coordinator.
The LMS will be available via the website for continued public comment. A public announcement on
www.prepareseminole.com will be posted to offer another public opportunity for comment and input prior
to the adoption hearing.
Once the plan is adopted the approved plan will continue to be made available via the website for future
review and comment. Public comment on the plan will continue to be encouraged on
www.prepareseminole.com. In addition to seeking public comment and input to the overall planning
process and the draft plan, many of the participating agencies and organizations in the LMS Working Group
individually conduct efforts to inform the public about the impacts of disasters, hazard mitigation and the
mitigation planning process.
Upcoming community outreach efforts will focus on including the precepts of mitigation in current public
information activities, and to make the public aware of this planning process, its goals and objectives, and
opportunities for public input at every possible occasion.
The Seminole County LMS Working Group will continue efforts to develop and implement a year -round
program to engage the community in the LMS planning process and to provide then with mitigation - related
information and educations. These efforts will be to continually invite public comments and
recommendations regarding the mitigation goals for the community, the priorities for the planning, and the
unique needs of each community for mitigation - related public information.
Update Process
The current LMS Working Group, participants and attendees utilized the Local Mitigation Plan Review
Guide (FEMA, 2011), to review the 2010 LMS. Based upon the review it was determined that the plan
updates would need to meet the federal and state LMS Plan requirements. The LMS Working Group
determined the existing LMS was not satisfactory to provide the foundation of a county -wide mitigation
program. A complete review of every section of the Seminole County LMS was conducted and the plan was
redeveloped using the 2014 Florida Local Mitigation Strategy Crosswalk and the Disaster Mitigation Act of
2000.
During the 2014 Seminole County LMS update the following actions were taken by the LMS Working
Group:
Page 6
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
A LMS
revision kick -off
meeting with the
LMS Planning Team
was conducted to review and analyze each
section
of the plan.
for review and comment.
and identified,
as required
It was determined that all sections reviewed needed to be revised and updated. The following sections
were reviewed:
General Section:
This section includes the plan introduction, purpose, and planning process. This section was revised
to reflect the current approach and processes of the Seminole County LMS Working Group.
Risk Assessment Section:
This section includes the hazard analysis and assessing the vulnerabilities of Seminole County. This
section was updated to reflect current documented history and outlook of the hazards that could
impact Seminole County. Each section was revised to reflect updated hazard events and to reflect
current vulnerabilities. The Seminole County LMS Working Group determined for continuity
purposes the LMS hazards would remain consistent with the Seminole County Comprehensive
Emergency Management Plan (CEMP).
Mitigation Goals Section
This section includes the mitigation goals, the project list, National Flood Insurance Protection
(NFIP) compliance data, and the process for mitigation project implementation. Each section was
revised to reflect current updated goals for the LMS, the current project list, updated NFIP data,
and the revised process for the implementation of the mitigation projects.
Plan Maintenance Section
This section includes the monitoring and evaluation process for the LMS, the update process for
the LMS, and how the LMs in implemented through existing plans and procedures. This section was
revised to reflect the current processes for the monitoring, evaluation, and update for the LMS,
The implementation of existing plans and processes for LMS implantation was reviewed and
revised to reflect the current implementation process.
LMS Working Group By -Laws Appendix
The LMS Working Group By -Laws were rewritten to reflect the current policies and guidelines of
the Seminole County LMS Working Group.
LMS Working Group Operating Procedures Appendix
The LMS Working Group Operating Procedures were rewritten in the By -Laws to reflect the current
operating procedures of the LMS Working Group.
The draft
revisions of the LMS sections
that required
updates were disseminated to all
LMS Working
Group
members
for review and comment.
and identified,
as required
by Florida Administrative
Rule 27P -22.
A follow -up meeting will be conducted to review the LMS final draft and approve all revised sections.
The LMS Working Group
will continue to
send out annual written invitations to
everyone who
may have a
stake in the process, and
will include any
additional people or groups as needed
and identified,
as required
by Florida Administrative
Rule 27P -22.
Page 7
SE411 LEC L/ti7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Risk Assessment
Hazards
The technical planning process begins with hazard identification. In this process, the LMS Planning Team
and representatives of individual jurisdictions identify all of the natural, technological and human - caused
hazards that could threaten Seminole County. The following hazards were selected by the LMS Planning
Team for the 2015 -2020 LMS:
• Agriculture (Exotic Pests and Disease)
• Civil Disorder
• Critical Infrastructure Disruption
• Communication
• Power
• Utility
• Cyber Security /Cyber Attack
• Disease and Pandemic Outbreak
• Drought and Water Shortage
• Earthquakes
• Extreme Heat
• Financial Collapse
• Fires
• Flooding
• Hazardous Materials Accident (Fixed Site and Transportation)
• Mass Gatherings/ Planned Events
• Mass Migration/ Repatriation
• Severe Weather
• Hail
• Lightning
• Micro - bursts
• Thunderstorms
• Sinkholes /Land Subsidence
• Terrorism (Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear Explosive)
• Tornadoes
• Transportation Accident
• Aircraft
• Rail
• Mass Casualty Incident
• Tropical Cyclones
• Hurricanes
• Tropical Storms
• Violent Act (Non- Terrorism)
• Winter Storm/ Freezes
As hazards are identified for Seminole County, participants can make an estimate of the relative risk each
possesses to the community. This section details the natural and human - caused hazards to which Seminole
County is vulnerable.
Page 8
Sc�avnt wry
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
The Seminole County LMS Planning Team has incorporated hazard history that was available. In the future,
the LMS Planning Team will incorporate continued hazard history for inclusion in the LMS.
Relative Risk
Each hazard described in this section is ranked by level of relative risk based on probability and severity.
These scales are defined below:
Probability Scale- based on historical data this scale takes into effect the likelihood that Seminole
County will be impacted by the hazard within a given period of time
• O =None- Although the hazard is noted, no previous occurrence has been recorded and the
hazard is considered no threat to the jurisdiction
• 1 =Low-
Some potential for the hazard to exist once
every 10 years or more
• 2=
Moderate-
Potential for the hazard to exist once
every 5 -10 years
• 3 =High-
Potential for the hazard to exist once every
1 -5 years
Severity Scale- based on the magnitude of the hazard and the on -going mitigation measures
Magnitude
Human Impact (Possibility of death or injury)
• O =None- No possibility of death or injury
• 1 =Low- Some potential for death or injury
• 2= Moderate- Potential for death or injury
• 3 =High- Strong potential for death or injury
Property Impact (Physical losses and damages)
• O =None- No possibility of physical loss and /or damage
• 1 =Low- Some potential for physical loss and /or damage
• 2= Moderate- Potential for physical loss and /or damage
• 3 =High- Strong potential for physical loss and /or damage
Spatial Impact (Amount of geographic area affected)
• O =None- No geographic area affected
• 1 =Low- Up to 25% of total land mass affected
• 2= Moderate- 25% -50% of total land mass affected
• 3 =High- 50% or more of total land mass affected
Page 9
s1w, z teC LINV 7Y
,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Economic Impact (Interruption of business services)
• O =None- No interruption of business services
• 1 =Low- Some potential for business service interruption
• 2= Moderate- Potential for business service interruption
• 3 =High- Strong potential for business service interruption
Mitigation
Preparedness (Specialized Plans)
• O= None -N /A
• 1 =High- Specific plan dedicated to this hazard
• 2= Moderate- Hazard is addressed in other plans
• 3 =Low- No specific plan for hazard
Training and Exercising (Multi -year Training and Exercise Planning)
• O =None- No training or exercising on this hazard
• 1 =High- Yearly training and exercising
• 2= Moderate- Training and exercising completed every other year
• 3 =Low- Rarely trained or exercised
Logistics (Availability of specialized equipment, teams or support)
• O =None- No specialized equipment, teams, or support
• 1 =High- Highly specialized equipment, teams or support
• 2= Moderate- Minimal specialized equipment, teams or support
• 3 =Low- Very few teams, equipment and support available
Relative Risk Calculation /Scale
Probability x (Magnitude- Mitigation) = Relative Risk
ILow= 0 % -30% Medium= 31% -60%
SLMI DL
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Hazard Analys
Agriculture (Exotic Pests and Disease)
Relative Risk: Medium
Agriculture incidents in Seminole County are quite
rare and historically have not caused much damage
to the community. In coordination with the •
Seminole County's Agriculture Extension Office,
Emergency Management is made aware of
incidents involving crops and exotic pest outbreaks
that may pose a threat to the community. SR
Historically, Seminole County experienced two •
t infestations I 1982 th Cit f •
)EM.r
ILE `.
mayor pes . n e i y o•
Longwood experienced a toad infestation due to Figure 1: Citrus Greening (HLB) /Citrus Canker in Seminole County
heavy rains. In 1999, the City of Altamonte
Springs experienced mice infestations which lead to some homeowners finding up to 100 mice in their
homes.
On -going crop diseases present a threat to the agriculture community in Seminole County. Although
limited, Citrus Greening (HLB) and Citrus Canker both pose a threat to the orange groves in Seminole
County. Figure 1 notes instances of Citrus Greening samples taken in Seminole County as of March 31,
2014. Citrus Canker has not been detected in Seminole County since 1995; however, Canker is closely
monitored by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services- Division of Plant Industry for
its potential impact on the citrus industry.
The Local
Mitigation
Agriculture
incidents pose a medium threat to Seminole County.
climate, there is
the potential for an
increasing
risk of environmental impacts
Vegetables
41
Consequences noted for an agriculture incident include; economic loss,
Citrus
504
quarantine
of livestock, infectious disease, disposal of diseased livestock/
Orchards
22
agriculture
stock, mass feeding, mass care, and mass casualty.
Berries
32
Nurseries
101113
The spatial
extent of damage as a result of an agriculture incident is noted
Greenhouses
14
Cattle
170219
as minor as
the incident is expected to encompass less than 25% of the total
Timber
10533
land mass
of Seminole County. Much of the agricultural foundation of
Figure 2: total crops
in Seminole
Seminole County is located in the northwestern portion of the county but
County
the effects
of an agriculture incident may impact the entire county.
The Local
Mitigation
Strategy recognizes
that with a changing
climate, there is
the potential for an
increasing
risk of environmental impacts
from exotic pests and
disease and that
future mitigation and
adaptation
strategies
related to this hazard
should be considered.
Page 11
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,..,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Civil Disorder
Relative Risk: Medium
Events of civil disorder are classified as armed
violence, riots, protests, and threats against
military or the government. The proper
planning and prevention methods aid in the
mitigation of civil disorder events. For threats
of civil disorder utilizing armed violence, it is
likely that a joint jurisdictional management
of operations will take effect, coordinated at
the County level between the Sheriff's Office,
Florida Department of Law Enforcement
Figure 3: Protest at Fort Mellon Park for the death of Trayvon Martin
(FDLE), and the Office of Emergency
Management.
Although a rare occurrence, on February 26, 2012, Seminole County was impacted by the effects of the
highly publicized shooting of 17 years old, Trayvon Martin. In the aftermath of the shooting, a number of
high - profile citizens made public comments or released statements causing the public to stage protests,
students to engage in school walk outs, and thousands of planned rallies across the nation. A coordinated
effort amongst public safety officials in Seminole County led to a successful operation. The Seminole
County EOC provided support for seven weeks in the trial phase of the event which is noted as the longest
EOC activation in the State of Florida for a non - weather related incident.
Buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities have some potential for impact by this hazard. However,
impact areas are undefined so exact value of dollar loss cannot be determined.
Consequences that can be associated with civil unrest incidents are; transportation /traffic issues, public
health, law enforcement /security issues, impact to social services, and impact on the jail and detention
facilities.
The spatial
extent of damage as
a result of a civil unrest
incident is
noted as minor as the incident is
expected to
encompass less than
25% of the total land mass
of Seminole
County.
Page 12
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Critical Infrastructure Disruption (Communication, Power, Utilities)
Relative Risk: Medium
Numerous facilities in Seminole County are classified as critical infrastructure. Disruption of these facilities
could severely impact the economic and social well being of the citizens and patrons of Seminole County. A
recent global research study conducted by the Ponemon Institute concluded that 67% of critical
infrastructure providers reported at least one security breach in the past 12 months which caused a
disruption of operations or a loss of sensitive information ( Ponemon Institute, 2013). Several categories of
critical infrastructure disruption are noted such that communication, power, and basic utility disruption will
each, individually have different impacts and consequences on the community. Collectively, they are
analyzed, as the mitigation measures taken to protect these critical facilities would be similar.
Disruption
to these facilities by
threat or attack will be dealt with utilizing
the Seminole County Terrorism
Annex.
notification and warning,
public information,
law
Buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities have some potential for impact by this hazard. However,
impact areas are undefined so exact value of dollar loss cannot be determined.
Consequences that
can
be associated with
critical infrastructure disruption
are;
notification and warning,
public information,
law
enforcement /traffic
control, communications failure,
civil
unrest and mass care.
The spatial extent of damage as a result of critical infrastructure disruption is noted as minor as the
incident is expected to encompass less than 25% of the total land mass of Seminole County.
Communication
Communication disruption is classified as any disruption of public safety communications equipment
necessary to maintain life safety for Seminole County. Communication disruption may occur in the failure
of radio towers, interoperable communication systems, and Public Safety Answering Points (PSAP).
Seminole County currently encompasses radio communication towers and Public Safety Answering Points
that assist the community and first responders in responding to emergencies. Seminole County maintains
an 800 MHz P25 digital communications system. Failure of major communications systems could cause a
reduced response time to emergencies and severely impact the overall operations of an emergency.
Power
There are two major power companies that service Seminole County, Duke Energy and Florida Power and
Light. Major disruption to power service could be caused by severe weather or damage to the power grid.
In this event, officials would have to coordinate response to critical infrastructure and persons with special
needs. Shelters may be required for special needs clients during long term outages. The Seminole County
Office of Emergency Management maintains a critical infrastructure list for priority power restoration.
Page 13
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Utilities
Additional utilities in Seminole County include water facilities, sewer /solid waste, cable providers,
telephone companies and cellular phone carriers. A loss to major utilities will cause a major disruption in
services for the community and overall could pose a threat to a quick recovery to Seminole County. As a
result, plans have been developed to ensure a continuity of operations for local government to provide a
quick return of services for the residents.
CVber Security /CVber Attack
Relative Risk: -
Over the past decade the nation as a whole has
seen an increase in cyber attack which is defined as
any offensive maneuver employed by individuals or
whole organizations that target computer
information systems, infrastructure and /or
networks, by means of malicious acts to either
steal, alter, or destroy a specified target. Seminole
County's Office of Emergency Management and
Seminole County's Information Services
Department strives to ensure the safety and
The facts are alarming
security of the technical infrastructure within the
County. In doing so, threat analyses are completed to note vulnerabilities in the system and develop
corrective actions to mitigate these attacks in the Seminole County Information Security Policy. The
Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) has reported over 781 million in monetary value lost in just 2013,
increasing by 48 percent compared to 2012. The average loss per victim in Florida was about $2,750 in
2013. To prevent this crime, laws have been enacted specifically the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012.
The focus in the future will be to ensure that Seminole County Information Services in partnership with
various public safety agencies conduct annual exercises and monitor the current threat levels of cyber
attack for county informational technology infrastructure.
Buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities have some potential for impact by this hazard. However,
impact areas are undefined so exact value of dollar loss cannot be determined.
Consequences
eYbertrlmes
with
rich
enforcement /security
persecond
impact to
perpeln[esby organized
®
loss
'
C"iI coups
mrralgmupr
unrest.
...�
rybe¢rime
victims daily
?
new criminal health Cate
/NII11\
land irvestii ions
_
'��
opened by uLUSlia
oepanmm[ cn 3012
Point drop - r"11 store
brand perception index
of eostomers wi ll
twnge en¢ eek 41 data
brtach
ylyi[dt
hanks doe to
[rand
security of the technical infrastructure within the
County. In doing so, threat analyses are completed to note vulnerabilities in the system and develop
corrective actions to mitigate these attacks in the Seminole County Information Security Policy. The
Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) has reported over 781 million in monetary value lost in just 2013,
increasing by 48 percent compared to 2012. The average loss per victim in Florida was about $2,750 in
2013. To prevent this crime, laws have been enacted specifically the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012.
The focus in the future will be to ensure that Seminole County Information Services in partnership with
various public safety agencies conduct annual exercises and monitor the current threat levels of cyber
attack for county informational technology infrastructure.
Buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities have some potential for impact by this hazard. However,
impact areas are undefined so exact value of dollar loss cannot be determined.
Consequences
that can be associated
with
cyber attack are; law
enforcement /security
issues,
impact to
social services,
communications failure,
loss
of critical information,
economic loss and civil
unrest.
The spatial
extent of damage as
a result of a cyber
attack
incident is
noted as minor as the incident is
expected to
encompass less than
25% of the total land
mass
of Seminole
County.
Page 14
Sc�a vnt (ATY
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Disease and Pandemic Outbreak
Relative Risk: -
The Department of Health is the lead agency if an
outbreak occurs. The Florida Department of Health -
Seminole County (ESF -8 Health / Medical) has been
training employees on their duties to include
epidemiology surveillance, public outreach, pi
distribution of pharmaceuticals, and tracking the
trends of possible outbreaks throughout the Country
and World. The Department of Health has plans in
place, including: the use of the Strategic National
Figure 4: Microscopic image of Tuberculosis
Stockpile, how to identify the outbreak, and how to
determine the particular diseases. A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) has been signed with
Seminole County Government and the School Board on the use of the schools as Points of Dispensing.
These facilities would be used if a major distribution of pharmaceuticals were required to prevent the
spread of a disease or assist persons if an outbreak has already occurred. Previous events in Seminole
County have caused the activation of specific operational plans to respond to outbreaks of various diseases
and bacteria.
Seminole County has experienced some significant occurrences of diseases such as H1N1, Influenza,
Norovirus, Tuberculosis, Rabies, Chikungunya fever, and West Nile virus.
The Seminole County Office of Emergency Management and Department of Health continue to monitor
pandemic and disease outbreaks for their potential to harm the citizens of Seminole County. Quarantine
and isolation are both methods that may be utilized to help decrease the potential for spread of any
disease. Public outreach is a major component of this activity. The Department of Health as the lead
agency would provide oversight for a Joint Information System to provide isolation and quarantine
information.
Buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities have some potential for impact by this hazard. However,
impact areas are undefined so exact value of dollar loss cannot be determined.
Consequences that can be associated with disease and pandemic outbreak are; law enforcement /security
issues, infectious disease control, impact to social services, economic loss and mass care.
The spatial
extent of damage as
a result of
disease outbreak
is noted
as high, the incident
is expected to
encompass
more than 50% of the
total land
mass of Seminole
County.
Page 15
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Drought and Water Shortages
Relative Risk: -
Extent: D4- Exceptional Drought (Drought Severity Classification)
A drought is noted as a period of unusual dry weather that persists long enough to cause serious problems
such as crop damage and /or water supply shortages. There are four basic approaches to measuring
drought (Wilhite, 1985):
Meteorological- defined usually on the basis of the degree of dryness (in comparison to some
"normal" or average amount) and the duration of the dry period.
Agricultural- drought to agricultural impacts, focusing on precipitation shortages, differences
between actual and potential evapotranspiration, soil water deficits, reduced groundwater or
reservoir levels.
Hydrological-
associated
with the effects
of periods of
precipitation
(including snowfall) shortfalls
on surface or
subsurface
water supply (i.e.,
streamflow,
reservoir and
lake levels, groundwater).
Socioeconomic - associated with the supply and demand of some economic good with elements of
meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural drought.
The severity of the drought depends upon the degree of moisture deficiency, the duration, and the size of
the affected area. In the past, most of Central Florida has suffered from droughts to the extent that
unnecessary water use has been curtailed by legislation. This curtailment, imposed by local governments
and the St. Johns Water Management District, was accomplished by water restriction use during
designated hours and alternate days. Many natural hazards can arise from the effects of drought.
Historically, drought in Florida has been known to contribute to wildfires, sinkholes, and major water
shortages between the months of November - April. Drought is measured on a scale of 0 -4 displayed in the
table below:
DO
Abnormally Dry
D1
Drought- Moderate
D2
Drought- Severe
D3
Drought- Extreme
D4
Drought - Exceptional
One of the most severe cases of long term drought
in Florida occurred from October, 2010 and
lasted until
June of 2012 in which
a major portion of
the state
displayed D3- Drought Extreme conditions.
During this
extensive period, the
two month period
of April and
May of 2012, showed the highest level
of drought
Page 16
SE411 LEC LA7Y
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
concern with portions of the state under a D -4 Drought Exceptional condition (The National Drought
Mitigation Center, 2014).
One of the major bodies of water providing a water source for much of our crops and agriculture territory
in Seminole County is the St. Johns River. During long periods of drought, a disruption in the watering cycle
can have potentially damaging effects including substantial crop loss in the northwestern portion of the
County. In addition to the crop loss and live stock reductions, drought in Seminole County is associated
with increase in wildfire threat which in turn, places both human and wildlife populations at a higher risk.
In partnership with County and municipal staff and the St. Johns River Water Management District, a
contingency plan is in place to restrict water use across the county in an effort assist with water
conservation efforts during periods of drought.
Some direct impacts related to drought include reduced crop production, increased fire hazard, reduced
water levels at major lakes and rivers, damage to fish habitat, and income loss for the agriculture industry.
These impacts have been recorded as a result of historic events including the extreme drought conditions
of 2010 -2012.
The Office of Emergency Management regularly monitors the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration, National Weather Service, United States Geological Survey, and the Southeast River
Forecast Center for water, river, and lake levels. Activation of public information messages may be
necessary if water levels become dangerously low. Seminole County and all of its municipalities may be
affected by drought conditions. Structures are not vulnerable to the consequences of drought; therefore
do not have a potential dollar loss.
Consequences associated
with drought can be public
health,
agricultural
loss, economic recovery assistance
programs, mass care, and
notification and warning.
impacts from drought and water shortages
and that future mitigation and
The Local
Mitigation
Strategy
recognizes that with a changing climate,
there is the potential for an
increasing
risk of environmental
impacts from drought and water shortages
and that future mitigation and
adaptation
strategies
related to
this hazard should be considered.
Page 17
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Earthquakes
Relative Risk: ■
Extent: 5.0 Moderate (Richter Scale)
An earthquake is a sudden movement of
the Earth's lithosphere (its crust and upper
mantle). Earthquakes are caused by the
release of built -up stress within rocks along
geologic faults or by the movement of
magma in volcanic areas. They are usually
followed by aftershocks.
Seminole County is located well outside Of Figure 5: Displays Florida's peakground acceleration levels in
any areas identified by the United States relationship to potential seismic activity
Geological Survey as having seismic risk. The
peak ground acceleration (PGA) with a 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years for Seminole County is
0% (lowest potential for seismic group shaking events). FEMA recommends that earthquakes only be
further evaluated for mitigation purposes for an area with a PGA of 3% or more.
The probability
of an earthquake is very
low; however the
impact would be major throughout the county.
No earthquake
has ever been recorded in
Seminole County.
be determined.
4
Seminole County is located well outside Of Figure 5: Displays Florida's peakground acceleration levels in
any areas identified by the United States relationship to potential seismic activity
Geological Survey as having seismic risk. The
peak ground acceleration (PGA) with a 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years for Seminole County is
0% (lowest potential for seismic group shaking events). FEMA recommends that earthquakes only be
further evaluated for mitigation purposes for an area with a PGA of 3% or more.
The probability
of an earthquake is very
low; however the
impact would be major throughout the county.
No earthquake
has ever been recorded in
Seminole County.
be determined.
An earthquake would affect all jurisdictions within the County.
Buildings infrastructure and critical
facilities have
some potential for
impact by this disaster. However,
because impact areas are undefined,
an exact value
of dollar loss cannot
be determined.
While the risk to earthquake is not usually associated with Florida, Seminole County's vulnerability to
earthquake impact is similar to that of most jurisdictions. Depending on the severity, structures and critical
facilities are susceptible to damaged by earthquake shock. Current Florida building code does not provide
for earthquake building standards. Therefore, no buildings in Seminole County are built to completely
withstand an earthquake of any magnitude. Historically, earthquakes have occurred around the State of
Florida as a whole and no major fault lines exist around or through Seminole County. In addition to the
physical hazards of structural collapse, utilities disruption can cause a public health concern; particularly for
elderly and lower income populations. Economic impact would be felt through reconstruction costs, as well
as damage and disruption of local businesses.
Earthquakes are measured on a scale of less than 2.0 to 9.0 and greater based on the Richter magnitude
scale. The Richter scale defines magnitude based on the ratio of the amplitude corresponding to the
release of energy from the earth.
Due to the low
probability
of occurrence, this hazard will not be further evaluated
in this document related
to vulnerability
to people,
property, critical infrastructure, environment, economy,
or response operations.
Page 18
SEA 11 wry
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Extreme Heat
Relative Risk: Medium
Extent: 10 consecutive days of 99 °F or higher �-i� onvai
,.ido9a. nn
Heat - related deaths and illness are preventable yet
annually many people succumb to extreme heat.
According to NOAA's National Weather Service heat is
the number one weather - related killer in the United a"'rt
States. In 2010, 138 people died as a result of ■ „
extreme heat, up significantly from 45 fatalities in
Fort
2009. This number is well above even the 10 -year Laud"
average for heat related fatalities, 115. ami
The National Weather Service statistical data shows Figure 6: Seminole County is expected to have an
average of 13.8 summer days per year of extreme heat
that heat causes more fatalities per year than floods, (Natural Resources Defense Council).
lightning, tornadoes and hurricanes combined. In 2010,
the most dangerous place to be was in a permanent home, likely with little or no air conditioning, where a
reported 64 deaths (46 %) occurred. The next most dangerous identified location was outside or in an open
area, where 26 people (19 %) succumbed to heat. Extreme heat most strongly affected adults aged 60 -69,
31 (22 %) and 50 -59 years old, 22 deaths (16 %) as well as seniors 80 -89, 20 deaths (14 %). Typically, seniors
are the group most affected by heat. Once again, many more males 86 (62 %), than females, 47 (34 %), were
killed by heat.
Temperatures that
hover 9 degrees or more above the average high temperature of 90 °F for the region and
last for 3 or more consecutive days are defined as extreme heat. Since 2010 there have been no recorded
extreme heat events
in Seminole County. The last known events took place in 2004 and during the wildfire
season of 1998. There were no recorded major impacts of the extreme heat events of 2004 and 1998 aside
from widespread wildfires across the state. A major impact to these extreme heat events included the
monitoring of heat
and drought indexes for the implantation of county wide burn bans. Public information
activities are also
put in place during extreme heat events that remind people of the risk of heat
exhaustion. Humid or muggy conditions, which add to the discomfort of
Rank Temperature
Date high temperatures, occur when a "dome" of high atmospheric pressure
1 101
6 -01 -2004 traps hazy, damp air near the ground. Excessively dry and hot conditions
2 100
6 -14 -2010 can provoke dust storms and low visibility. Droughts occur when a long
3 100
6 -19 -2004
4 100
5 -24 -1953 period passes without substantial rainfall. A heat wave combined with a
5 100
6 -25 -1951 drought is a very dangerous situation. The highest recorded temperature
6 100
7 -06 -1951 for Seminole County was on June 1, 2004 at 101 °F. To the left is a chart
7 100
6 -05 -1951 which ranks the top 10 hottest days on record in Seminole County.
. 8 100
6 -01 -1945
9 100
5 -31 -1945 Extreme heat has no impact on the physical loss of building infrastructure,
. 10 100
6 -15 -2011
Figure 7: Orlando-Sanford AP, FL -Data critical facilities, and housing of vulnerable populations. The value of
from NwS Melbourne
potential dollar loss from impact to community is not relevant.
Extreme heat events affect all jurisdictions within the county equally.
Page 19
SEMINOLE C JNTV
ft.*.'xu� WILU (A1KJ
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
With its location in Central Florida, Seminole County is susceptible to periods of extreme heat. The greatest
vulnerability to extreme heat events is the public health of the citizens of Seminole County. While anyone
can be affected by extreme heat, the most vulnerable are the elderly, lower income, and homeless
populations. Seminole County currently implements a cooling station plan in the event of an extreme heat
event. One of the great challenges to implementing this plan would be notification and transportation of
individuals to cooling facilities that do not have means of transportation. In a recent study conducted by
the Florida Council on Homelessness, Seminole county recorded 842 citizens who were either homeless or
staying in emergency housing. Seminole County School Board notes almost 2,000 students are homeless
and 45% are now on free - reduced lunch. Based on current census data 13.8% of Seminole County's
population is 65 years old or older. In addition to physical health risks (mainly heat stroke), extreme heat
can also cause physiological strain. Higher electrical demand during extreme heat often causes power
outages that further exacerbate the impact of the event. Extended periods of high heat can also have a
negative impact wildlife and fishery habitats. Extreme heat does not normally impact infrastructure.
Consequences associated with extreme
heat are notification
and warning,
economic disruption, mass care,
economic recovery assistance program,
and activation of the
cooling plan.
The Local Mitigation Strategy recognizes that with a changing climate, there is the potential for an
increasing risk of environmental impacts from extreme heat and that future mitigation and adaptation
strategies related to this hazard should be considered.
Financial Collapse
Relative Risk: ■
A financial collapse is a devastating
breakdown of the national, regional, or
territorial economy. The span of time these
events last could range anywhere from
months to decades while the lasting effects
can be seen for a long time after. In our
country, there were two notable financial
Goo
collapses known as the Great Depression
lasting from 1929 to the early 1940s and the
Great Recession lasting from December
2007 to June 2009.
GDP 1920 -1940
1920 %221 %222 1623 1921 %225 1626 1927 1928 1925 1630 1931 1932 1933 1631 1936 1936 133] 1636 1936 1690
The Great Depression began on October 29, 1929, a day known as Black Tuesday. This happened due to a
crash in the stock market. As a result, a chain of events were set off leading to the closure of many banks
and the loss of many Americans money savings. Many aspects of life were altered from this event. 25% of
the workforce was left jobless and wages were 80% of where they were before the Depression due to the
closing of factories, businesses, and banks. During this same time, the Great Plains was from suffered the
worst drought ever and combined with a lack of loans, the agriculture industry also faltered. After all of this
happened, normal social aspects changed. Many Families were left homeless and bankrupt. During the
desperate times, citizens did whatever they could to feed their family. There was a spike increase in crimes
such as theft, and suicide became more common when workers lost their jobs. Education was also halted,
Page 20
SEA 11 wry
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
higher education seemed unattainable and many public schools closed down due to insufficient funds.
Families also migrated west to find jobs creating many cultural changes we still see today. Eventually,
America bounced out if the Great Depression with the help of Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal and the
entrance into World War II.
130%
wildfire is an uncontrolled
Distort of me Ratio of oeewmu to GDP
in areas of combustible vegetation, usually
the countryside or
a
wilderness area.
20%
]0 4
30'b
s
f
0.
— Debt nuvGDP Actual caeHOCCP
Another time America entered a financial collapse
was during the Great Recession. In December
2007, the 8 trillion dollar housing bubble burst. In
the previous decade, borrowing money was cheap
and easy and borrowing money led to economic
growth. However, in 2008, no one wanted to give
out loans halting the growth in the economy. As a
result, many loaning agencies like AIG, Bear
Stearns, Fannie May & Freddie Mac, Indymac
Bank, and Washington Mutual filed for bankruptcy.
This caused widespread panic because communities were concerned that if the loaning agencies had no
money, the housing market would be at a standstill until a solution arose. After this, customer banks
started closing and having to sell out to larger banks or the federal government. After all of this, stocks fell
to 50% of their original value and unemployment peaked at 10%, the highest it has been in many years.
Many Americans lost their jobs, houses, vehicles, businesses, and savings during this time. After many
bailouts, programs, and time, the economy and job market are starting to recover but financial collapse
remains a serious hazard to our communities.
Historically Seminole County has maintained a healthy level of reserves over the years to compensate for
potential economic loss. In the event of financial collapse, the reserves for local governments will provide
help to push through the tough economic period.
Fires /Wildfires
Relative Risk: Medium
Extent: 41,636 high risk acres
A
wildfire is an uncontrolled
fire that begins
in areas of combustible vegetation, usually
the countryside or
a
wilderness area.
Some of the more significant events of this wildfire
Seminole County is susceptible to wildfires throughout the year, particularly during the months with
minimal rainfall amounts. The major cause of brush fires and forest fires is due to residents not conforming
to the burning regulations in effect and not considering the conditions as they exist (dry or windy
conditions). The Spring is the highest period for lightning caused fires fueled by strong spring winds and
lack of rainfall during the same period. In recent years, homes and businesses have been threatened by
encroaching wildfires.
Due to the
extremely hot
and dry conditions during
the summer of 1998, Central Florida became engulfed
in wildfires
unlike it had
ever experienced before.
Some of the more significant events of this wildfire
Page 21
SE411 LE ( ?L W
,a.,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
summer were the cancellation of the "Pepsi 400" NASCAR race on July 4th, the total evacuation of Flagler
County and a statewide burn ban and fireworks ban. In Seminole County approximately 2,000 acres burned
in the Geneva area and 12 residences were destroyed. There were no fatalities or injuries, but the dollar
loss was approximately $1.1million.
Since 1998, the Seminole County Fire Department and Natural Lands have taken an aggressive stance to
minimize fuel loads in the wildland /urban interface by conducting prescribed burns and elevated response
to brush fires. Seminole County remains at high risk for brush fires.
Occasionally, the Southeast United States experiences unusually long drought caused by the "La Nina"
weather pattern. Seminole County has experienced increases in severe brush fire activity during these
weather cycles. The Seminole County Fire Department, Division of Forestry, local fire departments, and
Natural Lands continue to provide public education to prevent forest fires.
Seminole County has written a Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP) that will be included in the
LMS. CWPP's are authorized by the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 and assist communities that
have urban /wildland interface areas. Local partnerships include: Seminole County Fire Department,
Seminole County Office of Emergency Management, Florida Division of Forestry, and Seminole County
Natural Lands. The CWPP assesses Seminole County's wildfire vulnerability, available resources,
organizational support, and provides a mitigation action plan. It also identifies and prioritizes areas for wild
land fuel management, provides wildfire prevention, educational programs, incorporates best practices for
building retrofitting and landscaping. The CWPP will also enhance the goals and strategies of the LMS
In April 2012, Seminole County officials
the entire county, meaning outdoor bu
prohibited. The burn ban remained in
County dropped below 500. The index
soil and ranges from zero to 800. The
outbreak.
declared a local state of emergency and put in place a burn ban for
rning — such as campfires, bonfires or burning leaves or trash — was
effect until the average Keetch -Byram Drought Index in Seminole
number is calculated by measuring the amount of moisture in the
higher the number, the greater the chances for a severe wildfire
Since 2010, there have been no major wildfire incidents that threatened Seminole County. The last
recorded major incident occurred during the 1998 wildfire season. The last recorded major incident
occurred in February of 2013. On February 13, 2013, a wildfire started in the Wekiva State Preserve area
and quickly consumed 50 acres of land near Markham Woods community. These wildfires lead to the
closing of some roadways and the notification to homes in the surrounding area. Luckily, this incident did
not threaten any homes; however, across the country many homes are impacted and individuals forced to
evacuate as a result of wildfires.
Wildfires in Seminole County
and
most
of its municipalities impact
wooded
areas with low population
density. Wildfires generally do
not
pose a
high risk to major population
areas.
Wildfires have the ability to affect all jurisdictions within Seminole County.
Buildings,
infrastructure,
critical facilities
and housing
for vulnerable populations have some potential for
impact by
wildfires. Since
impact areas are undefined,
exact dollar loss cannot be determined.
Page 22
SEA 11 wry
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
The spatial extent of a wildfire hazard is noted as low, as the hazard would not affect more than 25% of the
total land mass of the county.
Some noted consequences of wildfires include; notification and warning, evacuation, property
damage /loss, mass care, and economic recovery.
The Local
Mitigation Strategy
recognizes that with a changing
climate, there is the potential for an
increasing
risk of environmental impacts from fires /wildfires and
that future mitigation and adaptation
strategies
related to this hazard
should be considered.
Lake Jessup
Flooding
Relative Risk: -
Extent: St. John's River above Lake Harney reaches 13.0 ft (Expect more than 3 feet of water in some areas)
Flooding is the covering of land by water that is not normally covered water. It occurs when an area is
inundated beyond its natural or designed ability to drain and absorb this water.
Since much of Seminole County is flood prone,
it is greatly
affected by
heavy rains. The areas most affected
by heavy rains are located in the northeastern
and eastern
parts of the
County.
These residents are along
the St. John's River, Econlockhatchee River, Lake Monroe,
Lake Jessup
and Lake
Harney.
In August 2008, Seminole County suffered the effects of Tropical Storm Fay. This was the worst flood event
in Seminole County recorded history, far passing the floods from three hurricanes in 2004 and the historic
flooding event of 1924. Because of the storm's devastating rains, damaging winds, and extensive property
and public damages, Seminole County received a Presidential Disaster Declaration on August 31, 2008. The
Tropical Storm Fay event engaged a large number of agencies, organizations, and individuals from all levels
of government and the private sector.
Seminole County was dramatically affected by the Tropical Storm Fay event. Damage included localized
flooding, trees in homes, debris, major power outages, and roadway washouts during the initial event.
Localized flooding was reported in the areas of Wekiva River in Altamonte Springs, Spring Oaks subdivision
in Altamonte Springs, Lake Kathryn Estates in Casselberry, State Road 419 in Oviedo, Black Hammock in
Oviedo, Fish Camp off Spring Avenue (State Road 434), Lake Mary Boulevard in Lake Mary, and Lincoln
Heights neighborhood in Sanford. The large amount of rain from the Tropical Storm Fay event exceeded
the ability of the existing drainage systems to move water to away from neighborhoods into streams and
rivers. Over 150 homes were affected during the event.
Other major occurrences of flooding include September of 2004. During this flood, water levels began to
reach flood stage on the middle basin mainly around Geneva and Sanford. Significant flooding occurred
after Hurricane Jeanne with a record crest of 10.1 feet at the Lake Harney gage on the St. John's River.
Roads, plant nurseries and homes along Lake Harney were flooded around the Geneva community.
Page 23
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
In October of 2011, some
of the same flooding
impacts were felt from long periods of heavy rain.
During
this time, flood warnings
were issued in the Lake Harney area. The flood caused many roads to
become
impassable and warranted
the closing of Mullet
Lake Park.
Communications link with the Florida Division
In September of 2014, long periods of rain caused major flooding along Geneva roadways, making many of
them impassable. Sandbag operations were implemented in order to protect many residential structures
from impending flood damage of the St. Johns River. This flooding event also warranted the closing of
Mullet Lake Park, Bookertown Park, Lake Monroe Wayside, C.S. Lee Park, and Lake Jessup boat ramps as
the docks were not visible. No major damage to homes or personal property was recorded. During this
flood event, the National Weather Service and Emergency management conducted fly over and lake
surveys to ensure stabilizing of waterways.
Due to the potential danger of flooding, wind damage, power outages and road closures in the eastern and
western portion of our County, residents along the St. John's River, Wekiva River, and our lake home
residents in these locations, shall be considered for recommended or mandatory evacuations in
preparation for an Atlantic land- falling hurricane.
The time needed to notify these residents plus complete the evacuation process makes for critical Public
Safety considerations.
The County has approximately 5,500 homeowners and 500 businesses that could be affected by flooding
during a 100 -year flood. These businesses and homeowners have been identified by address and GIS
mapping. The County has notified all the affected residents and business owners and provided them with
assistance brochures pertaining to the possible flooding and the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).
In many flood prone areas, the terrain is heavily wooded with vast areas of marshlands, which receive the
overflows from Lake Monroe, Lake Harney, Lake Jessup and the St. John's River. Another problem area is
U.S. Highway 17 -92, where it runs parallel to Lake Monroe. This main artery will be under water when flood
gage reaches 10 feet.
According to a 100 -year storm calculation, portions of this main artery might be under water after such a
storm. Previously identified flood prone areas close to home and business owners are less of a flood threat
today due to the County's aggressive Storm Water Management efforts. When new subdivisions,
commercial developments or road widening projects are undertaken, the County provides substantial
allowances for storm water runoff, away from populated areas. Road and residential flooding is
significantly improved throughout Seminole County.
Seminole County
has several systems
for notification to residents for flood threats, as
well as other
significant events.
Some of these are as
follows: National Weather Service notices, river gauges
along the
St. John's River,
Emergency Satellite
Communications link with the Florida Division
of Emergency
Management in Tallahassee,
Dialogic Communicator notification system, Alert Seminole,
Reverse 9 -1 -1,
Doppler radar and
media releases.
There are no dams located in Seminole County.
Page 24
SEA 11 wry
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
In May of 2012, Seminole County created a new Floodplain Management Plan. This plan was developed
under the guidance of a Floodplain Management Planning Committee. The plan provides the framework
for all interested parties to work together and reach consensus on how to address the issue of flooding.
This floodplain management plan identifies activities that can be undertaken by both the public and the
private sectors to reduce safety hazards, health hazards, and property damage caused by floods. The plan
fulfills the federal mitigation planning requirements, qualifies for CRS credit, and provides the county with a
blueprint for reducing the impacts of these flood hazards on people and property.
Seminole County is surrounded to the east and north by the St. John's River. Flooding has been reported
along this river historically. Below is a chart that details high crest levels at various points throughout the
last few decades.
Flood categories are measured in
several
stages that are dependent on historical
water levels
of particular
lakes and rivers. At each action
point a
mitigation action needs to be taken in
preparation
for possible
significant hydrologic activity.
11/21/1994
8.83
03/01/1998
8.71
• Action Stage- the level in which a partner /organization needs to
make preparations for a significant hydrological event.
• Minor Flooding- minimal of no property damage, but possibly
some public threat.
• Moderate Flooding- some inundation of structures and roads
near stream. Some evacuations of people and /or transfer of
property to higher elevation.
o Major Flooding- extensive inundation of structures and roads.
Significant evacuations of people and /or transfer of property to
higher elevations.
11.09
08/28/2008
10.62
10/13/1953
10.10
10/01/1924
10.07
10/02/2004
9.50
09/12/2004
9.45
11/21/1994
8.83
03/01/1998
8.71
10/24/1995
8.61
09/21/2001
8.20
10/03/2014
Figure 8: St. John's
Rivera bow
Lake Harney Southeast
River
Forecast Center
Bodies of water in Seminole
County that pose a
threat to
the public include but are not limited to the St.
John's River, Lake Jesup,
Lake Kathryn, Lake
Harney,
Wekiva River, Little Wekiva River, and the
Econlockhatchee River.
adaptation strategies
related to
this hazard
While these major bodies of water historically have posed a threat to the county, flooding could potentially
affect any particular area of the county and any of its municipalities.
The Local
Mitigation
Strategy
recognizes that with a changing climate, there is
the potential for an
increasing
risk of environmental
impacts from flooding and that future mitigation and
adaptation strategies
related to
this hazard
should be
considered.
Page 25
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Hazardous Materials (Fixed Site and Transportation)
Relative Risk: Medium
There are numerous hazardous materials facilities and plants throughout Seminole County. A majority of
these facilities are water treatment facilities and some construction and building facilities. In addition,
there are hazardous materials located in minor quantities at schools, hospitals, and some of the
telecommunication facilities throughout Seminole County.
Seminole County has an aggressive hazardous materials inspection and cataloguing program. The
information collected from the facilities is placed into a State -wide system for easy access by emergency
responders. The Emergency Operations Center monitors planning and training activities, spills, chemical
releases, and hazardous materials events.
Seminole County would not be directly affected by a coastal oil spill; therefore, an assessment is excluded.
However, the County could feel the effects from a spill during an incident affecting the Florida Power and
Light facility on the St. John's River in Volusia County at Highway 17 -92 near the bridge.
The movement of people and materials throughout Seminole County has greatly increased. Accompanying
this increased movement of people and materials is the increased risk of a disaster involving hazardous
materials, such as petroleum products, volatile and toxic chemicals, radioactive materials, and explosives.
Transportation of some of these materials and people is accomplished by the use of the railway system.
The CSX Railroad has one set of tracks passing through the west central and western sections of the County
in a north -south direction. These tracks, used for the movement of freight and passengers through and
into the County, cross four main highways and roads; namely, Lake Mary Boulevard, SR 434, CR 427 and SR
436, all heavily used by vehicular traffic.
In addition
to rail systems,
hazardous materials
are transported through Seminole County by use of
Interstate 4
and State Road 417.
Cleanup of these
spills are coordinated through the Seminole County Fire
Department
and Department
of Transportation.
The spatial extent of a hazardous materials incident is noted as low, as the hazard would not affect more
than 25% of the total land mass of the county.
Mass Gatherings/ Planned Events
Relative Risk: Medium
There are numerous special events in Seminole County that bring over 10,000 persons together in one
venue. Of these, the largest event is the annual "Red Hot and Boom" celebration in the City of Altamonte
Springs. This event draws more than 150,000 people to enjoy the Independence Day celebration. In
addition to "Red Hot and Boom ", the City of Sanford's Fort Mellon Independence Day Celebration, Winter
Springs, and Oviedo events have significant numbers of people on July 4th. Other special events are
normally located in the various parks and recreational centers throughout Seminole County. The largest of
Page 26
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
the non - government sponsored events is the Scottish Festival. Thousands of people come to Seminole
County to visit the parks during these events.
Seminole County has hosted the Elite Club National Soccer League in December 2011. This event takes
place in two venues: Sylvan Lake Park and Seminole Soccer Complex.
There were an estimated 120 teams of 16 female players per team ranging from 15 -18 years of age. All
teams were from outside of the State of Florida. Most arrived at the Orlando International Airport and
obtained transportation to the facilities / hotels. The majority of the players and guests stayed in hotels
throughout Seminole County, northern Orange County and Volusia County.
The spatial extent of a mass gathering is noted as low, as the hazard would not affect more than 25% of the
total land mass of the county.
Some noted consequences of mass gatherings include; transportation /traffic control, law
enforcement /security issues, and notification and warning.
Mass Migration/ Repatriation
Relative Risk:.
Pockets of migrant workers in Seminole County remain very low. These workers are drawn from the local
work force and migrants, if any, are transported into the area on a daily basis to work in the farmlands of
Seminole County.
On January 12, 2010 a 7.0 magnitude earthquake occurred, approximately 16 miles west south -west from
Port -au- Prince Haiti. Operation Haiti Relief was activated by the State of Florida Emergency Operations
Center. Upon notification that the Orlando Sanford International Airport would be utilized for receiving
incoming flights from Haiti, Seminole County activated certain Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) on
January 14, 2010. A joint Seminole County /Orlando Sanford International Airport Emergency Operations
Center was established in the Vigilante Room at the airport on Saturday, January 16, 2010 to coordinate
repatriation of United States citizens through Seminole County, Florida.
Operation Haiti Relief continued until February 8, 2010. Through the duration of this event 126 flights
arrived at the Orlando Sanford International Airport; there were 112 military flights and 14 contracted
Department of Defense commercial flights; the United States Customs and Border Protection processed
9,508 persons through the airport of which 7,399 were United States citizens and 2,109 were foreign
nationals; there were over 250 orphans that arrived at the airport and were matched with adoptive parents
and a total of 71 patients transported to local hospitals with various levels of injuries.
This hazard has no impact to the physical loss of buildings infrastructure, critical facilities, and housing of
vulnerable populations and therefore the value of potential dollar loss from impact to the built
environment is not relevant.
The spatial extent of a mass migration is noted as low, as the hazard would not affect more than 25% of the
total land mass of the county.
Page 27
SEM11 E CO IMV
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Some noted consequences of mass migration include; transportation control, public health, law
enforcement and security issues, and impact to social services.
Severe Weather (Hail, Lightning, Micro - Bursts, Thunderstorms)
Relative Risk: Medium
Severe
weather
is defined as any
meteorological
event that poses as risk to life,
property,
social disruption,
and /or
requires
the intervention
of authorities.
at 115mph.
lightning flash
density of 12 or more
Hail: Hail
is a form of solid precipitation consisting
of balls or irregular
lumps of ice
.5 millimeters or larger
that form
during certain thunderstorm conditions.
altitudes; usually associated
with thunderstorms. A
micro -burst can present wind
Hail Extent: 2.5in- Tennis ball (NOAA Hail Conversions) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)
Lightning: Lightning is the electrostatic discharge of atmospheric electricity, characterized by flashes that
can travel within a thundercloud, between clouds, or from a cloud to the surface of the earth; lightening is
usually accompanied by audible thunder.
Lightning Extent: 12+ flashes /sq km /yr (Cloud to Ground flash Density) (VAISALA, 2013)
Micro - burst: A micro -burst is
a violent, short -
lived,
localized column of sinking air caused by an intense
downdraft, creating extreme
wind shears at
lower
altitudes; usually associated
with thunderstorms. A
micro -burst can present wind
gust /bursts between 50 -70mph but can reach as high
at 115mph.
Micro -burst Extent: 70mph wind gusts
Thunderstorms: Thunderstorms are formed by the convection behavior of unstable air mass layers, which
result in the meteorological effects of wind, heavy rainfall, lightning and thunder, and sometimes hail.
Early in the developmental stages of a hailstorm, ice crystals form within a low- pressure front due to the
rapid rising of warm air into the upper atmosphere and the subsequent cooling of the air mass. Frozen
droplets gradually accumulate on the ice crystals until having developed sufficient weight they fall as
precipitation —as balls or irregularly shaped masses of ice greater than 0.75 inches in diameter. The size of
hailstones is a direct function of the size and severity of the storm. High velocity updraft winds are required
to keep hail in suspension in thunderclouds. The strength of the updraft is a function of the intensity of
heating at the Earth's surface. Higher temperature gradients relative to elevation above the surface result
in increased suspension time and hailstone size. Hailstorms are another potential damaging outgrowth of
severe thunderstorms.
When hail impacts Seminole County, the county and all the municipalities are vulnerable to the
consequences of damage from hail.
In the United
States, there are an
estimated
25 million cloud -to-
ground lightning
flashes each year.
According to
the National Lightning
Detection
Network, Seminole
County averages
a cloud to ground
lightning flash
density of 12 or more
flashes per
square kilometer per year. Lightning can be fascinating to
Page 28
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
watch, but it
is also extremely
dangerous.
Florida has more lightning - related deaths and injuries than any
other state.
can greatly reduce
the number of lightning deaths.
struck
Because lightning strikes usually claim only one or two victims at a time and don't cause mass destruction
like tornadoes and hurricanes, lightning generally receives less attention than it should. Although
documented lightning injuries in the United States average about three hundred per year, undocumented
injuries caused by lightning are likely much higher.
Lightning is a
dangerous
threat to people in the United States, particularly those outside in the summer.
With common
sense, we
can greatly reduce
the number of lightning deaths.
Central Florida also has one of the highest density lightning flashes in the world. It is only surpassed by
tropical Africa. Florida has about one million cloud -to- ground lightning strikes each year. The number one
area for fatalities is in open fields, followed by water related areas, under trees, and driving equipment like
farm tractors.
These
occurred mostly in the months
of June and
July in
the
afternoon averaging at about 4:00 p.m.
Being
struck
by lightning does not mean it is
always fatal.
There
are
many survivors of lightning strikes.
Severe thunderstorms on 3/30/11 and 3/31/11 affected Seminole County, its municipalities and the
citizens with widespread power outages, fallen trees, road flooding and damage to homes. Public Works
responded to fallen trees on road ways, road flooding and road closures. In some areas such as Winter
Springs, there was major damage to a mobile home park. The Seminole County Emergency Operations
Center operated at a Level 2 (partial activation) throughout the day and was in contact with The National
Weather Service in Melbourne for continued storm status reports.
In July of
2013, a line of thunderstorms moved
across east
Seminole
County.
One storm within the lane
because severe and produced a microburst with
peak winds
of 76mph.
Tower
personnel reported a loaded
luggage cart was blown over into an active taxiway.
Several other occurrences of microburst and severe wind have also impacted the County with a majority of
them generating from major squall lines of passing cold fronts. These thunderstorms have created damage
in isolated locations causing minor damage to homes, trees falling on houses or cars and structural damage
to manufactured homes. These events have occurred in the months of February and March for the past 10
yea rs.
Severe weather has the ability to affect all jurisdictions within Seminole County.
Severe weather events, such as thunderstorms, lightning, hail, high winds, and heavy rain can impact all
areas of Seminole County. These events can cause damage to structures, disruption of utilities (mainly
electrical), and surface /air transportation problems. While all populations can be impacted by severe
weather, lack of shelter puts the homeless at highest risk. Seminole County currently has 6,634.2 acres of
Natural Lands of which bring 450,000 visitors annually. This large amount of open space and natural area is
highly susceptible to lightening strike which can play a key role in the opening of these areas. Seminole
County currently has lightening warning systems at Sanlando Park, Red Bug Lake Park, Sylvan Lake Park,
Page 29
SEA 11 wry
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
and Soldiers Creek Park; all of which are frequented by residents for various sports and leisure activities.
While severe weather is noted as a high risk hazard it is important to identify parks utilized for recreation
activities within municipal jurisdictions that do not have severe weather detection systems. Due to the
frequent nature of severe thunderstorms in Seminole County from June 1 through November 30 much of
the population is accustomed to thunderstorms that it poses little vulnerability. The existing Storm water
system in Seminole County and its municipalities is able to withstand many of the frequent thunderstorms
that occur during the summer months.
The spatial extent of severe weather is noted as high, as the hazard would affect more than 50% of the
total land mass of the county.
The Local Mitigation Strategy recognizes that with a changing climate, there is the potential for an
increasing risk of environmental impacts from severe weather and that future mitigation and adaptation
strategies related to this hazard should be considered.
Sinkholes/ Land Subsidence
Relative Risk: Medium
Extent: 30 feet deep
A sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground brought about by one of the various forms erosion beneath
the earth, causing a collapse of the surface layer.
Seminole County is susceptible to sinkhole and subsidence conditions because it is underlain by thick
carbonate deposits that are susceptible to dissolution by circulating ground water. Florida's principal
source of freshwater, ground water, moves into and out of storage in the carbonate aquifers— some of the
most productive in the nation. Development of these ground water resources for municipal, industrial and
agricultural water supplies creates regional ground water level declines that play a role in accelerating
sinkhole formation, thereby increasing susceptibility of the aquifers to contamination from surface water
drainage. Such interactions between surface -water and ground -water resources in Florida play a critical
and complex role in the long -term management of water resources and ecosystems of Florida's wetlands.
These conditions are monitored, but if the occurrence occurs on private property, it is the citizen's
responsibility to repair the damage. If the condition exists on public property, the Public Works Department
will take control of the situation.
To date, over 130 sinkhole /land subsidence events have been reported in Seminole County according to
the USGS. One of the largest sinkholes reported happened in 1965 in the Casselberry area where a
recorded length and width of the sinkhole was around 100 feet with a depth of about 30 feet. While the
sinkholes are localized incidents, they can occur in any jurisdiction within Seminole County. Sinkholes pose
a risk to contaminated drinking water when the sinkhole encroaches on an aquifer. Currently over 65
million gallons of ground water are drawn for public use in Seminole County. Sinkholes and land subsidence
events historically do not have a spatial impact of more than 25% of the total land mass of the county. Due
to the frequency of occurrence and the likelihood of future occurrences, the Sinkhole /Land subsidence
hazard is ranked at a medium threat level.
Page 30
SE411 LEC LA7Y
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Seminole County's top soil composition consists of 13.4% fine sands and 10.4% depressional soils amongst
more than 15 other types of soils. Sinkholes can occur in any area of Seminole County. All structures,
utilities, systems, and populations are equally vulnerable. Depending on the location and size of a sinkhole,
the social and economic impact can range from minimal to extensive. While sinkholes have been reported
in all parts of Seminole County, most are small and cause little damage. The most vulnerable sections of
the County for sinkholes is from the Interstate -4 corridor to the western county line. This region is
primarily cohesive, low- permeability clayey sediments 30 to 200 feet thick. Abruptly- forming collapse
sinkholes are possible in this area. The size of these sinkholes depends upon the thickness and bearing
properties of the overburden sediment. This area of the County is primarily residential with some large
national headquarters in the Heathrow area. Interstate -4 would be in this quadrant of the community. A
sinkhole along Interstate -4 could cause major traffic issues. The Interstate -4 corridor to the east county
line is primarily in cohesive, permeable sand ranging from 20 to 200 feet thick. Small cover subsidence
sinkholes are possible with less- common collapse sinkholes forming in areas with clayey overburden
sediments. This part of the community is primarily residential and agricultural.
According to the Florida
Geological
Survey, several
sinkhole /land subsidence
events have occurred in
Seminole County that has
initiated the
response from
public safety officials across
the community.
In January of 2015, a land subsidence event occurred in Geneva in which firefighters rescued a dog who
was 75% trapped in the hole. There was no official confirmation if the depression was actually a sinkhole
however the dog was rescued and administered oxygen. The dog was transported to a local animal hospital
and made a full recovery.
In February of 2014, a 6 foot deep, and 5 foot wide hole on the Rock Lake Middle School in Longwood
opened up causing no structural damage. Physical education classes were cancelled due to its location but
the school operations were not impacted. Since then, the hole was filled with dirt and a fence erected
around it to prevent further damage.
In December of 2012, a 25 foot deep sinkhole in Lake Mary threatened a home causing the homeowners to
evacuate. The City of Lake Mary deemed the home unsafe however the repairs to the home were covered
by the homeowner's insurance company totaling over $300,000. Major repairs noted were to major cracks
in the structure.
In 2002, a 50 foot wide and 30 foot deep sinkhole opened up in Sanford destroying a barn and swallowing
two horses. Much of the damaged was caused by ground water filling the hole rapidly. No damage was
reported to the residential structure of the home.
The Local
Mitigation
Strategy
recognizes that with a changing climate, there is
the potential for an
increasing
risk of environmental impacts from sinkholes /land subsidence and that
future mitigation and
adaptation
strategies
related to
this hazard should be considered.
Page 31
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Terrorism (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosive)
Relative Risk: Medium
State and Local governments have primary responsibility in planning for and managing the consequences of
a terrorist incident using available resources in the critical hours before Federal assistance can arrive. The
terrorist threat may represent Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosive (CBRNE) hazards,
and /or other threats or a combination of several hazards. The initial detection of a Weapons of Mass
Destruction (WMD) attack will likely occur at the local level by either first responders or private entities
(e.g., hospitals, corporations, etc.). The detection of a terrorist incident involving covert biological agents
will most likely occur through the recognition of similar symptoms or syndromes by clinical in- hospital or
clinical settings. It is incumbent upon all county and municipal responders to be as well trained as possible
in WMD response. The intricacies of the effective response demand the utmost cooperation among all
responders, Federal, State, County and Municipalities.
Terrorism is a serious issue in Florida. Terrorism increases the likelihood of mass casualty and mass
evacuation from a target area. For threats of armed violence, it is likely that joint jurisdictional
management of the operation will take effect and will be coordinated at the County level between the
Sheriff, Fire /Rescue, the Department of Health and FDLE. There are seven regional coordination teams
throughout the State of Florida, called Regional Domestic Security Task Force (RDSTF). These consortiums
evaluate vulnerabilities to the community and provide strategic plans for strengthening the homeland. In
addition to the RDSTF, the Central Florida area is listed as an Urban Area Security Initiative. In 2003, the
U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) created the Urban Areas Security Initiative (UASI) Grant
Program to support the planning, equipment, training and exercise needs of high- threat, high- density
urban areas around the country.
The Central Florida UASI was designed to assist the Metro - Orlando area build an enhanced and sustainable
capacity to prevent, protect against, respond to and recover from acts of terrorism and other hazards. The
Federal UASI program provides "financial assistance to address the unique planning, equipment, training,
and exercise needs of high- threat, high- density urban areas, and to assist them in building an enhanced
and sustainable capacity to prevent, respond to, and recover from threats or acts of terrorism.
The spatial extent of a terrorist event is noted as low, as the hazard would not affect more than 25% of the
total land mass of the county.
There have been no documented previous occurrences of a terrorist attack in Seminole County. Buildings,
infrastructure, critical facilities and housing for vulnerable populations have some potential for impact by
this hazard. Due to the fact of impact areas being undefined, an exact dollar loss value cannot be
determined.
Page 32
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Tornadoes
Relative Risk: -
Extent: EF5 (Enhanced Fujita Scale)
A tornado is a mobile vortex of violently rotating winds, extending downward from the cloud base and
advancing in front of a storm front; they are made visible by vaporized moisture and debris.
Florida is the State that experiences the most i tiM D lionay
number of tornadoes per square mile. _ {,
a,
Florida had an average of 52 tornadoes per f ,1f0e ,
year since 1961, with an average of two
fatalities per year. Florida tornadoes are
4 � �
generally of short duration and have a �p. Lake ary a�x� +°r
narrower path. Because of the unpredictable
Genera ei f
Weim
pattern of storms and tornadoes and the S; '4° 7j p
relatively high reoccurrence frequency, all of An onr o LiWeargEcun' �! r
S 'i? 8 "S[are Forest
the State, including Seminole County isM1jh /, Hand.'. �F
vulnerable to damage. As the n (L ` -r
structures and people increase, the
damage and injury rates increase.
housing apartment complexes, and
destruction.
ember of _,r� yyXt�rk l `l� i F�... ��s -',•, .�
potential
Mobile and modular homes, poorly constructed and substandard
low rent housing projects are extremely susceptible to damage and
On April 4, 1966, Seminole County experienced its largest tornado on record. An EF4 tornado hit Seminole
County killing 11 and injuring 530 people. Another major tornado event in Seminole County took place in
February of 1998 in which an EF3 tornado injured over 150 people and caused $31 million dollars in
damages.
In May of 2009, an EFO tornado touched down briefly and removed the roofs form a single family home
and a manufactured home. Portions of the roof and other debris were carried downstream, another 8
homes sustained minor damage in Casselberry.
In November of 2006, an EF1 tornado touched down in southern Seminole County near the City of Oviedo.
The tornado severely damaged four homes and eight homes had moderate damage. 32 manufactured
homes suffered minor damage.
In February of 1998, a category
EF3 tornado was produced by a super
cell. The tornado initially
touched
down in the Longwood area and moved northeast at 45mph. The
tornado passed through
several
neighborhoods in the southeast
portion of Sanford killing 12 people in
manufactured homes and
injuring
Page 33
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
70. The
tornado included
maximum winds near 200 mph
and damaged
or destroyed 625 structures in the
Central
Florida region.
and adaptation
strategies
related to this hazard should be considered.
Since 1966, Seminole County has been affected by a total of 28 tornado events that have caused significant
damage across the county. The spatial extent of a tornado event is low as tornadoes' typically do not
impact more than 25% of the total landmass of the county. Due to the impact to physical property, the
possibility of death or injury and the likelihood of interruption of economic services to the community, a
tornado event is rated high on a threat level when compared to other hazards.
Due to the largely unpredictable frequency and pattern of tornados, the whole of Seminole County remains
vulnerable to their impact. The high wind speeds associated with tornados leaves all structures susceptible
to damage, with the greatest potential for loss being manufactured homes, dilapidated housing, and other
less hardened properties. There are currently 5,066 manufactured homes in Seminole County. Danger for
residents in older manufactured homes notes the need for Seminole County to find an alternate safe
location for residents to go to during possible tornado weather. While all populations in Seminole County
can be impacted, the most vulnerable are the homeless, the elderly, and those of lower income. Depending
on the location and severity, tornados can cause social disruption in the form of electrical outages,
transportation problems, economic loss, and the accompanying physiological hardships associated with
physical and human loss.
The spatial extent of a tornado event is noted as low, as the hazard would not affect more than 25% of the
total land mass of the county.
The Local
Mitigation Strategy recognizes that with a changing
climate, there is the
potential for an
increasing
risk of environmental impacts from tornadoes and
that future mitigation
and adaptation
strategies
related to this hazard should be considered.
Transportation Accident (Aircraft, Rail, Mass Casualty Incident)
Relative Risk: Medium
Seminole County has three (3) small air strips on the east
side of Seminole County in Geneva, Lake Harney area,° " "" t
and Chuluota capable of landing a small aircraft (i.e.
Cessna). In addition, many small planes use lakes as Nm. 5
landing and take -off locations, including Prairie Lake w
ws:
(Altamonte Springs), Lake Jessup (Winter Springs), and
various other large bodies of water. The largest airport °re"
in Seminole County is an international airport inside the
City of Sanford. ® t m
Page 34
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
The Orlando Sanford International Airport (SFB) is situated on approximately 2,000 acres in the boundaries
of the City of Sanford in the northwestern section of
Seminole County. The Sanford Airport Authority Figure 9: Future development of Weldva Expressway and
y P y IS Central Florida "belt'
responsible for the operation, maintenance, and
development of the SFB airstrips. In the year 2013, the SFB statistics included 269,708 landings and
takeoffs; 3,112 tons of cargo; and 2,032,680 passenger arrivals and departures. A majority of the
passengers arriving and departing from SFB are international travelers.
Rail systems are another major transportation method. The
(CFRC) Transit System provides new vulnerabilities for ma
community. CFRC /Sun Rail Commuter Trail Service endpoints
Sun Rail began operations in 2014 with stations in DeBary,
Springs, Maitland, Winter Park, Florida Hospital, LYNX
Health /Amtrak and Sand Lake Road.
addition of the Central Florida Rail Corridor
jor transportation of persons through the
will be in various cities in Seminole County.
Sanford, Lake Mary, Longwood, Altamonte
Central Station, Church Street, Orlando
When Sun Rail is fully operational in 2016, there will be seventeen train stations along the 61 mile CRFC
Corridor. The Amtrak Auto Train takes passengers and their vehicles nonstop from Sanford, Florida to the
Washington, DC area. In addition to Sun Rail and the Amtrak Auto Train, Amtrak provides major
transportation of customers through the center portions of Seminole County.
The future of Central Florida's road ways include the development of a "belt -way" which will connect
408,417, and 429 and Interstate 4. This belt way will allow more traffic to flow around the Central Florida
Area increasing the likelihood of a transportation accident.
The
spatial
extent of
a transportation incident is noted as
low, as the hazard would not affect more than
25%
of the
total land
mass of the county.
Tropical Cyclones (Hurricanes and Tropical Storms)
Relative Risk: -
Extent: Category 5 (Saffir- Simpson Scale)
A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system
characterized by a low- pressure center, strong winds
and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that
produce heavy rain. Depending on their size, sustainec
winds speeds, and location they can be referred to as:
Hurricanes: A hurricane is a tropical cyclone with sustained wind of forces equal to or exceeding or 74 mph,
most often occurring in the Western Atlantic and usually accompanied by rain, thunder, and lightning.
Hurricanes are categorized using Saffir- Simpson scale, which measures sustained wind speeds over a 1
minute average and at 33ft above the surface . The categories are:
Category 1: Sustained wind speeds of 74 -95 mph.
Page 35
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Category 2: Sustained wind speeds of 96 -110 mph.
Category 3: Sustained wind speeds of 111 -129 mph.
Category 4: Sustained wind speeds of 130 -156 mph.
Category 5: Sustained wind speeds of 157 mph or higher.
Note: Categories three and above are considered major hurricanes.
Tropical Storms: A tropical storm is a tropical cyclone with an organized system of strong thunderstorms,
defined surface circulation, and maximum sustained winds of 39 -73 miles per hour. Storms with wind
speeds below 39 mph are considered tropical depressions.
With an approaching hurricane or tropical storm, a tremendous amount of attention is devoted to the
coastal areas that will be affected by winds and surge -- and rightly so. Inland counties, such as Seminole
County, face a triple threat as well: damaging winds, flooding rains, and tornadoes.
Seminole County is approximately 40 miles from the coast. Damaging winds can continue well inland. This
can be from fast - moving storms that get significantly inland before they weaken enough to drop their
winds below damaging speeds. Damage can also come from gusts within thunderstorm bands
accompanying the storm. The destruction dealt by the devastating winds can result in destroyed buildings,
downed trees and power outages. However, the greatest damage is usually due to the impact of flooding.
The 2004 and 2005 hurricane seasons
showed just how many tornadoes that hurricanes and tropical
storms can spawn: more than 300 and
200,
respectively. Six of the top
10 tornado - producing hurricanes
occurred in the last two years. Hurricane
Ivan
in 2004 has the record with
127 tornadoes.
In the summer of 2004, Hurricanes Charley, Frances and
Jeanne impacted Seminole County. The
Emergency
Operations Center was
fully activated and a Local
State of Emergency was declared. County
offices and
schools were closed.
Executive Orders were signed
prohibiting price gouging and issuing a
mandatory
evacuation of mobile
and manufactured homes.
A mandatory curfew was issued. Public
shelters and Special Needs shelters
were opened and housed a
total of 5,000 residents.
For inland flooding, it doesn't take a hurricane to produce a disaster. In 2008, the remnants of Tropical
Storm Fay stalled out over Central Florida, with many places getting more than 15 -20 inches of rain --
resulting in a massive flood. There have been no recorded tropical cyclones to have impacted Seminole
County since 2010.
Seminole County's location in Central Florida leaves it highly vulnerable to Tropical Cyclone impact.
Damage from high winds and rain - induced flooding can impact all structures and utilities. The structures
most susceptible to damage are older buildings, dilapidated housing, and other less hardened properties
such as mobile homes. There are currently 5,066 manufactured homes in Seminole County. Widespread
electrical outage is probable, as well as water and sewage backup in flooded areas. Depending on the
intensity of a cyclone, economic impacts can be severe. All populations may be impacted by these events,
but those at highest risk are the elderly, the disabled, lower income, and the homeless. Tropical cyclones
can also cause extensive environmental damage. As the population increases, ensuring that Seminole
Page 36
SEA 11 wry
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
County has enough shelter space to provide for its residents and evacuees of surrounding areas is
paramount. Further assessments should be done to examine viable shelter space within the County in
addition to existing shelters. The protection of critical infrastructure, communication systems, and power
sources are key to the recovery after a tropical cyclone event. Ensuring that our private and public sector
facilities meet existing building code to withstand the impacts of tropical cyclones should be implemented.
All of Seminole County will be vulnerable to high winds during a tropical cyclone. The greatest danger from
winds will be those living in structurally unsound housing and manufactured homes. Encouraging residents
and business owners to protect their facilities with storm shutters and generators will greatly reduce the
damage caused by tropical cyclones.
Tropical Cyclones have the ability to affect all jurisdictions within Seminole County.
The spatial extent of a tropical cyclone event is noted as high, as the hazard would affect more than 50% of
the total land mass of the county.
The Local
Mitigation Strategy
recognizes that with
a changing climate, there is the potential for an
increasing
risk of environmental
impacts from tropical
cyclones and that future mitigation and adaptation
strategies
related to this hazard
should be considered.
Violent Acts (Non- Terrorism)
Relative Risk: Medium
Acts of violence in America are a legitimate
hazard to communities and municipalities o '"°°"nri
"° a°.n. °rain.
across America. Since 1990s shootings in ^y ft°unnpa with
public schools, recreation parks, movie
theatres, and college campuses have
increased in both number of incidents and
number of fatalities. Violent Act hazards are
not concentrated to a particular region or ®"
locale. Shootings, stabbings and other violent
acts can take place anywhere in the country and are highly unpredictable. Perpetrators of violent acts do
not have an agenda, do not have a target group in mind and do not have a purpose or mission to be
accomplished. Unlike terrorist groups, perpetrators of violent acts are not organized and are very difficult
to spot because perpetrators are largely ignored or go unnoticed. Violent acts negatively impact
neighborhoods and communities because shootings and fatalities occur to members of younger population
demographics (ages 5 to 30).
35
30
25
to
5
a
Number of Homicides at Schoo 1, 1992 -2010
Violent act incidents present a profound hazard to communities
in America. The tragic incident at Columbine High School,
Colorado in 1999 is an example of violent non - terrorism act.
Columbine shootings by two high school students, Dylan Kiebold
and Eric Harris, caused the deaths of twelve students and one
R A° AS A`° A� A� A" �' P' Pt' P�' A P" P� A A Pp e "�' 0 "3 A "° a "5 0"6 e`S o"m oggtio° °tio ti
Page 37
SGMINI a LCl1AlYI m o����RanmKwen ". o� top
In,..., -Amn" i.1
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
teacher. The Columbine shootings garnered mass public attention and have been referenced as the starting
incident of the current modern era of violent non - terrorist acts. An even more deadly campus shooting
took place in April of 2007 when a mentally unstable and disgruntled 23 -year old Virginia Tech student,
Seung -Hui Cho, shot and killed 32 students and faculty staff members at Virginia Tech campus. Seung -Hui
Cho used a Glock 9mm pistol with 50 rounds of ammunition and shot recklessly at people and buildings on
campus. Minutes after killing 32 people, Seung -Hui Cho committed suicide via self - inflicted gunshot.
Violent non - terrorism acts occur in other places besides public schools and college campuses. In July 20 of
2012, perpetrator James Holmes shot 70 people at a movie theatre in the city of Aurora, Colorado. 12
people were killed and 58 others were injured by Holmes' shooting rampage. James Holmes activated two
tear gas canisters before opening fire into the movie theatre crowd who were watching a Hollywood
feature. Holmes used an automatic assault rifle (AR -15), a 12 -guage shotgun and a .40- caliber handgun.
After this tragic incident, movie goers around America were fearful and worried for a couple of days. The
latest school shooting to receive large national attention took place on December 14, 2012 at Sandy Hook
Elementary School in Newton, Connecticut. The perpetrator, 20 year old Adam Lanza, had killed his mother
at home before going to the school. Lanza used a Bushmaster .223 caliber rifle to shoot and kill 20 children
and 6 adults before killing himself. Sandy Hook shootings demonstrate how violent non - terrorism acts can
have profound effects on the local communities and even the nation.
The spatial extent of a major act of violence is noted as low, as the hazard would not affect more than 25%
of the total land mass of the county.
Winter Storms/ Freezes
Relative Risk:.
Extent: 10 consecutive days of 32 °F or lower
A freeze is when the surface air temperature is expected to be 32 °F or below over a widespread area for at
least 3 or more consecutive days. Use of the term is usually restricted to aversive situations or occasions
when wind or other conditions prevent frost. "Killing" may be used during the growing season when the
temperature is expected to be low enough for a sufficient duration to kill all but the hardiest herbaceous
crops.
Extreme cold can
immobilize an entire region. Even areas,
such as Seminole County, that normally
experience mild winters
can be hit with
a major extreme cold winter
event. Winter storms can result in ice,
localized flooding,
closed highways, and
blocked roads, downed
power lines and hypothermia.
In December, 1989, a cold outbreak and hard freeze affected all 67 counties in Florida. Many daily and
some monthly and all -time low temperature records were tied or broken. Low temperatures were in the
teens in north and north central Florida and in the 20s the central and south central parts of the state.
Snow and sleet fell as far south as a Sarasota to Melbourne line, with a maximum of two to three inches in
the panhandle. Northeast Florida experienced its first white Christmas in recorded history and airports and
interstates were closed. Many traffic accidents and several fatalities occurred on ice - covered roads. At least
six people died of hypothermia and another four in space- heater related fires. Extensive crop damage,
Page 38
SEA 11 wry
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
including a loss of about 30% of the $1.4 billion citrus crop, left tens of thousands of migrant farm workers
unemployed. Winter vegetables, berries, nursery ornamentals and fish suffered heavy losses. Power
blackouts hit hundreds of thousands of residents at various times during the event.
In January of 2010, after a cold front moved through much of Seminole County; during the early morning
hours, mixed precipitation occurred on vehicle, pool screen enclosures and some plants. The Orlando -
Sanford International Airport observation tower indicated sleet on the runway between the hours of
7:OOam and 9:OOam.
Structures are not vulnerable to the consequences of winter storms or freezes; therefore do not have a
potential dollar loss.
While extreme cold events are not common in Florida, when they do happen the impact can be extensive.
Economic impact can be directly felt through agricultural crop loss, while ice, sleet, and snow also cause
major transportation disruption and utility outages. Long term freeze events can leave the 598 acres of
nursery stock crops and 452 acres of orange crops vulnerable to losses for the agriculture industry which
provides over $2.5 billion in revenue to Seminole County. Higher electrical demand from heating can also
cause power outages. All populations of Seminole County are impacted by winter storm /extreme cold
events, but the elderly, lower income, and homeless are the most vulnerable. During freezing
temperatures, Seminole County activates their cold weather shelter plan with various non - profit and
community organizations to provide a place to stay for the homeless population of Seminole County.
Winter storms /freezes have the ability to affect all jurisdictions within Seminole County.
Temperatures in Seminole County have fallen below 32 °F in recent years and have prompted the opening
of cold weather shelters. Two instances of winter storms or long term freezes have affected Seminole
County since 2010. From January 9 -13 and December 27 -29 of 2010 Seminole County experienced
temperatures of under 32 °F or lower. This freeze threatened crops and required the opening of cold
weather shelters for vulnerable populations.
The
spatial
extent of a winter storm or freeze
event is noted as high, as the hazard would affect more than
50%
of the
total land mass of the county.
from winter storms /freezes and that future mitigation and
The Local
Mitigation
Strategy recognizes
that with a changing climate, there is the potential for an
increasing
risk of environmental
impacts
from winter storms /freezes and that future mitigation and
adaptation
strategies
related to this hazard
should be considered.
Page 39
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Vulnerability
The LMS Working Group has included a multi - layered approach to assessing the vulnerability of the
participating jurisdictions to future disasters. The various vulnerability assessments build on the
identification of hazards in the community and the risk that the hazards pose to the community.
Local planners can use the hazard identification and risk estimation process to prioritize the facilities and
neighborhoods that most need to be assessed for their specific vulnerability, for example by beginning with
the jurisdictions exhibiting the highest overall relative risk. Then, for these jurisdictions, the individual
facilities, systems and neighborhoods of Seminole County are assessed specifically for the extent of their
vulnerability to damage or disruption by the hazard events identified for the corresponding jurisdiction,
and the specific impact to the community if this occurred.
Assessing Vulnerabilities
Repetitive Loss Properties
The Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) Grant Program was created as part of the National Flood Insurance
Reform Act (NFIRA) of 1994 with the goal of reducing or eliminating claims under the National Flood
Insurance Program.
Consistent with Biggert - Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012 (Public Law 112 -141), the FMA Grant
Program changed in FY 2013 to allow more federal funds for properties with repetitive flood claims and
severe repetitive loss properties, and the Repetitive Flood Claims and Severe Repetitive Loss Grant
Programs were eliminated.
The primary objective of the Repetitive Loss Properties Strategy is to eliminate or reduce the damage to
property and the disruption of life caused by repeated flooding of the same properties. A specific target
group of repetitive loss properties is identified and serviced separately from other NFIP policies by the
Special Direct Facility (SDF). The target group includes every NFIP- insured property that, since 1978 and
regardless of any change(s) of ownership during that period, has experienced:
• Insured property with at least 2 flood claims where the repairs equaled or exceeded 25% of the
market value of the structure at the time of the flood event.
• Insured property with flood history of 4 or more separate claims of $5,000 each with cumulative
total exceeding $20,000 or at least 2 claim payments where the cumulative amount of 2 claims
exceeds the market value of the structure.
Although the Flood Mitigation Assistance Grant Program is federally funded, the program is
administered through a partnership with the Florida Division of Emergency Management (FDEM),
Page 40
SEM11 E CO IMV
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
local and Native American Tribal governments and the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
FDEM has the authority and responsibility for developing and maintaining a State Mitigation Plan,
assisting local and Native American Tribal governments in developing and maintaining Flood
Mitigation Plans, reviewing Flood Mitigation Assistance Program sub - applications, recommending
cost effective sub - applications to FEMA and providing pass- through grant funds to awarded Flood
Mitigation Assistance Program projects from eligible sub - applicants.
FDEM is also responsible for ensuring that projects funded by the Flood Mitigation Assistance
Program are completed and that all performance and financial reporting requirements are met.
The actual database of repetitive loss properties will not be provided in this LMS plan because of
the specific address and personal information that is associated with the information. However,
specific requests for information may be requested from any of the appropriate jurisdictions
directly, or through the NFIP at FEMA.
Through the various outreach methods in each jurisdiction that has repetitive loss properties, an
effort is being made to eliminate or reduce the risks of future flooding to those properties through
various mitigation techniques.
Each jurisdiction sends
a notice to each
owner of a
repetitive loss
property, soliciting interest and
participation in various
potential grant
programs,
in an attempt
to mitigate their property from
County
Springs
Me
q of
Properties
by Type
Residential
18
0
0
0
0
1
5
0
Commercial
0
5
0
0
0
0
1
1
Institutional
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Tote I q of
Repetitive
18
5
0
0
0
1
0
0
Loss
Properties
q of
repetitive
Loss
Properties in
10
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
a Special
Flood Hazard
Area
Total
$4490 121.35
$2220383.21
$0
$0
$0
$370164.22
$1080243.39
$0
Payments
The actual database of repetitive loss properties will not be provided in this LMS plan because of
the specific address and personal information that is associated with the information. However,
specific requests for information may be requested from any of the appropriate jurisdictions
directly, or through the NFIP at FEMA.
Through the various outreach methods in each jurisdiction that has repetitive loss properties, an
effort is being made to eliminate or reduce the risks of future flooding to those properties through
various mitigation techniques.
Each jurisdiction sends
a notice to each
owner of a
repetitive loss
property, soliciting interest and
participation in various
potential grant
programs,
in an attempt
to mitigate their property from
Page 41
SEA 11 wry
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
future flood losses. Each property owner interested that responds to the solicitation will be
prioritized utilizing the prioritization guidelines, produced by the program in which they apply.
Currently, each jurisdiction maintains that information.
When projects come to the LMS for funding support, all projects submitted for alternative funding
opportunities are supported by the LMS regardless of the jurisdiction and in priority as they are
individually scored utilizing the LMS project scoring criteria. Depending upon the grant program or
alternative funding source, those sources or grant programs may have their own prioritization
process, which may compliment or negate the local prioritization. A list of interested people can
be found in each of the jurisdictions repetitive loss property coordinator offices.
Land Use Trends and Potential Loss
The LMS Working Group recognizes that the way in which land is utilized, especially land within
known hazard -prone areas, is a key measure of community vulnerability, because some land uses,
such as for residential or industrial development, can be more susceptible to disaster - related
damages than others. For the Seminole County mitigation strategy, this analysis is done on a
jurisdiction- specific basis because individual jurisdictions have the most significant planning and
legal control over land use policy.
Those
jurisdictions that have
completed
this analysis, two reports contain information on land use
trends
within the jurisdiction:
List maintained by Seminole County's
Office
o Current Land Uses and the Potential for New Development, which identifies the estimated
amount of land still available for new development, as well as summarizing the relative
extent of current land uses.
o Future Land Uses and General Development Trends, which summarize the jurisdiction's
rate of development of vacant lands or redevelopment of existing properties, and, if the
jurisdiction has an adopted land use plan, the desired relative extent of planned land uses.
All jurisdictions reported they were growing either slightly or rapidly, and all are participants in the
National Flood Insurance Program. Pressure for development into wetland areas continues to be an
ongoing issue in the county. The LMS Working Group recognizes that its efforts, particularly to
identify the areas of the participating jurisdictions at risk from various hazards, is a key factor in
guiding the careful use of land to minimize future vulnerabilities to disaster. When needed and
desired by a specific jurisdiction, modifications to the plans, ordinances, codes and similar policies
can be proposed as mitigation initiatives for incorporation into this plan.
Critical Facilities and Structure
Seminole County has conducted an inventory of existing buildings, infrastructure, and critical
facilities located within the hazard areas boundaries. For purpose of this LMS these include
emergency service facilities, medical facilities, government facilities, schools,
emergency /evacuation shelters, fire and police stations, emergency operation center, facilities used
by special needs populations, and any other facilities identified by the Office of Emergency
Management. This critical facilities list aligns with the critical infrastructure sectors outlines by the
Department of Homeland Security and is updated annually.
The identified potentially at -risk
critical facilities and structures for Seminole
County
are
listed in the
Critical Facility and Structure
List maintained by Seminole County's
Office
of
Emergency
Page 42
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Management. The Seminole County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan contains
additional information in regard to vulnerable existing buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities.
The Critical Facility and Structure List contains confidential information so therefore is not published
with this plan.
Mitigation Goals
The LMS Working Group has established a number of goals and objectives to guide its work in the
development of this plan. The goals and objectives help to focus the efforts of the group in the
mitigation planning effort to achieve an end result that matches the unique needs, capabilities and
desires of the participating jurisdictions.
The goals are established for both the entire planning area and all of the participating jurisdictions
in a process that can be described as follows: near the beginning of the planning process, a list of
suggested goals and objectives selected from the previous LMS document was circulated to
members of the LMS Working Group. The goals selected by the LMS Working Group are related to
the broad mitigation needs and capabilities of the communities involved, rather than addressing a
specific hazard type or category. Therefore, the Seminole County mitigation goals and objectives, by
definition, are multi- hazard in scope and can be described as statements of the desired mitigation -
related capabilities that will be present in each participating jurisdiction in the future as the goals
are achieved.
Mitigation Actions
The goals established by the LMS Working Group are considered to be broad, general guidance that
define the long -term direction of the planning. Each goal statement has one or more objectives that
provide a more specific framework for actions to be taken by the LMS Working Group and its
participants. The objectives define actions or results that can be placed into measurable terms by
the LMS Working Group, and translated into specific assignments by the LMS Working Group for
implementation by the participants in the LMS Working Group and associated agencies and
organizations.
The objectives selected by the LMS Working Group are intended to create a specific framework for
guiding the development of proposed mitigation initiatives for incorporation into the plan.
Whenever feasible, the planning participants have associated each proposed mitigation initiative
with the objective statement the initiative is intended to achieve. By associating a mitigation
initiative with a specific objective, the proposed initiative is also, of course, intended to help achieve
the broader goal statement to which the objective corresponds. Proposing mitigation initiatives that
are consistent with the selected objectives is a principal mechanism for the LMS Working Group
participants to achieve the stated goals of the mitigation planning program.
Page 43
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Seminole County Local Mitigation Goals and Objectives
Objective 1.1 - Identify hazards, risk areas and vulnerabilities in the community using
Objective 1.2 - Utilize historic and scientific data as the primary decision making tools
for mitigation policy decisions.
Objective 1.3 - Develop programs to target vulnerabilities through effective public
outreach, mitigation projects, and ordinances /zoning regulation.
Objective 1.4 - Measure effectiveness of mitigation initiatives implemented in the
community through documentation, disaster after action /improvement plans, and
public comment.
Objective 1.5 - Actively participate in state and national mitigation planning efforts to
ensure the county is represented in decision making processes and resource allocation.
multi - jurisdiction / multi- agency coordination.
Objective 2.2 — Seek public and private sector organizations input to promote hazard
mitigation programming throughout the community.
Objective 2.3 — Develop and administer outreach programs to gain participation in mitigation
programs by business, industry, institutions and community groups.
Objective 2.4 — Encourage continuity of operations programs to promote community
resilience.
Page 44
SEM /�Z?L /_ C_c�LlA71
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Objective 2.5 — Encourage local elected governing bodies to promulgate the local mitigation
plan and support community mitigation programming.
Objective 2.6- Ensure appropriate local government staff training and exercise activities occur.
Objective 3.1— Detect emergency situations and promptly initiate emergency response
operations.
Objective 3.2 — Retrofit or relocate critical infrastructure to withstand the impact of disasters.
Objective
3.3 — Utility, communications, and
information
technology systems will be evaluated
to ensure
resilience. Retrofit and relocation
projects may
be submitted to strengthen systems.
Objective 3.4 - Relocate, retrofit or modify evacuation routes to ensure safe passage before,
during and after disaster events.
Objective 3.5 — Evaluate and retrofit evacuation shelters, critical emergency services and
medical facilities to ensure operability during and after disaster events.
Objective 3.6 - Assess routes to key health care facilities to remove vulnerabilities and possible
blockage as a result of a disaster.
Objective 3.7 — Assess and acquire adequate resources, equipment and supplies to meet
victims' health and safety needs after a disaster.
Objective 4.1— Encourage community redevelopment plans to guide decision- making and
resource allocation by local government in the aftermath of a disaster.
Objective 4.2 — Protect vital local government records and documents from impacts of
disasters.
Objective 4.3 — Encourage continuity of Operations Plans and programs to assist local
government in retrofitting or relocating critical assets.
Objective 4.4 - Buildings and facilities used for the routine operations of government should be
retrofitted or relocated to withstand the impacts of disasters.
Page 45
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Objective 4.5— Encourage redundant equipment, facilities, and /or supplies to strengthen
resilience in local government operations after a disaster.
I
Objective 5.1— Develop programs to ensure appropriate emphasis in resource allocation and
decision - making.
Objective 5.2 — Develop and enforce land use policies, plans and regulations to discourage
or prohibit inappropriate location of structures or infrastructure components in areas of high
risk.
Objective 5.3 — Develop and enforce building and land development codes that are effective in
addressing the hazards threatening the community.
Objective 5.4 — Encourage protection of high hazard natural areas from new or continuing
development.
Objective 5.5 - Participate fully in the National Flood Insurance Program, Building Code
Effectiveness Rating Schedule and the associated Community Rating System.
Objective 5.6 — Encourage the location of new local government facilities to be outside of
designated hazard areas and design to withstand impact of hazards.
Objective 5.7 - Incorporate techniques to minimize the physical or operational vulnerability to
disasters in all reconstruction or rehabilitation of local government facilities.
Objective 5.8 - Establish and enforce regulations to ensure that public and private property
maintenance is consistent with minimizing vulnerabilities to disaster.
Objective 5.9- Encourage the development and enforcement of energy conservation, green
development, and resource sustainability best practices. =J
Objective 6.1— Promote disaster resilient whole community. E
Objective 6.2 —
Strengthen components of the infrastructure
needed by the
community's
businesses and
industries from impact of disaster.
Page 46
SEMIy�i�ll C_c�Lly71
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
Objective 6.3 — Review needs of key employers in the community through communication and
coordination activities.
Objective 6.4 - Establish programs, facilities and resources to support business resumption
activities.
Objective 6.5 — Encourage diversification of employment base in the community.
Objective 6.6 - Implement programs to address public confidence of community condition and
functioning in the aftermath of a disaster.
Objective 7.1 - Construct or retrofit transportation facilities to minimize the potential for
disrupting during a disaster.
Objective 7.2 — Strengthen water and sewer services in the community.
Objective 7.3 - Encourage hazard mitigation programs by private sector organizations owning
or operating key community utilities.
Objective 7.4 — Work with energy, telecommunications, and information technology companies
to support strengthening of systems and facilities serving the community.
Objective 7.5 - Reduce vulnerability to disasters of schools, libraries, museums, and other
institutions important to the daily lives of the community.
Addressing Known Risks and Vulnerabilities
In addition to developing proposed mitigation initiatives to achieve the established goals and
objectives, an important emphasis of the LMS Working Group is to also include proposed mitigation
initiatives in its plan that will address known vulnerabilities of important facilities and
neighborhoods to the impacts of future natural, technological or human - caused disasters. By
reducing known vulnerabilities to future disasters, it is important in the plan to document those
initiatives that are intended to address identified vulnerabilities of facilities, systems and
neighborhoods, as well as to strengthen the mitigation - related policy framework for the entire
county.
There are a number of initiatives that are not directly associated with specific facilities or
neighborhoods that have been assessed for their vulnerabilities, but address other mitigation -
related concerns, such as storm water drainage — trouble spots in the county. While they may not
affect an entire neighborhood or critical roadway, they can create unsafe conditions or damage
properties. The proposed addition of vital communications equipment to mitigate specific
community -wide vulnerabilities impacts the interconnectedness of critical facilities, and is generally
intended to benefit the whole community.
Page 47
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Compliance
All jurisdictions are active participants in the NFIP. In an effort to ensure continued compliance with
the NFIP, each participating community will:
• Continue to enforce their adopted Floodplain Management Ordinance requirements, which
include regulating all new development and substantial improvements in Special Flood
Hazard Areas (SFHA).
• Continue to maintain all records pertaining to floodplain development, which shall be
available for public inspection
• Continue to notify the public when there are proposed changes to the floodplain ordinance
or Flood Insurance Rate Maps.
• Maintain the map and Letter of Map Change repositories.
• Continue to promote Flood Insurance for all properties.
• Continue their Community Rating System outreach programs.
"...�...
Community Nam
Springs Altamonte
M�... m...,... ,
,u ..... ..................
00
n
Written Premium In- Force
��•
Current
%
Discount
%
Discount
Status
Number
000
Date
...
$65,305,300
.
00
120290
Altamonte
10/1/1994
5/1/2014
7
15
5
C
As of 08/31/2014
Community Rating System
The Community Rating System (CRS) is a voluntary program for NFIP - participating communities. The
goals of the CRS are to reduce flood losses, to facilitate accurate insurance rating, and to promote
the awareness of flood insurance. The CRS has been developed to provide incentives for
communities to go beyond the minimum floodplain management requirements to develop extra
measures to provide protection from flooding. The incentives are in the form of premium discounts.
Community
Community
CIRS Entry
Current
Effective
Current
%
Discount
%
Discount
Status
Number
Date
Date
Class
for Non-
120290
Altamonte
10/1/1994
5/1/2014
7
15
5
C
Springs
120416
Lake Mar
10/1/2009
10/1/2009
8
10
5
C
120292
Longwood
10/1/1996
10/1/2010
10
0
0
R
120293
Oviedo
10/1/2008
10/1/2013
6
20
10
C
120289
Seminole
10/1/1991
5/1/2011
6
20
10
C
Count
120295
Winter
10/1/1993
5/1/2013
6
20
10
C
S rin s
As of 5/1/2014
Sc�a vn c wry
Status: C= Current, R= Rescinded
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
It must be emphasized that in many cases, detailed information regarding the areas potentially
impacted by a specific hazard, as well as its potential health and safety, property, environmental
and economic impacts of that hazard, may not have been available. Further, it has not been the
intent of the LMS Working Group, nor have funding resources been available, to conduct extensive
new studies to obtain such information solely for the purposes of the development of this
mitigation plan. Therefore, it has often been necessary to rely on the informed judgment of
knowledgeable local officials to identify hazards and derive estimates of the risk each poses to the
community.
Implementation
Prioritization of Actions
The LMS Working Group is responsible for identifying projects and activities that the Seminole
County and its municipalities want to implement that will support the tasks identified in the Goals
and Objectives section. Projects will be submitted to the LMS by eligible applicants. Project
submissions must complete a CBA and HMGP scoring form in order to be added to the priority list
(see Project List Appendix). To accomplish this responsibility, the LMS Working Group will do the
following:
o Establish a schedule for the participants to submit proposed mitigation initiatives to be
considered for incorporation into the next edition of the Seminole County Local
Mitigation Strategy.
o Ensure the use of risk assessment methodology by all participating agencies and
organizations in Seminole County for the identification, characterization and
prioritization of proposed mitigation initiatives.
o Distribute the guidance, training or information incorporated into LMS as needed to
facilitate complete and accurate submittals by the participants.
o Review each proposed mitigation initiative received for completeness, adherence to the
prescribed methodology, the validity of the characterization information and data used
by the participant, and the likelihood that the proposal will actually mitigate the
hazard(s) or vulnerability(ies) of concern.
• Prepare a cost /benefit analysis of the proposed mitigation initiatives.
• Compare proposed mitigation initiatives with others already incorporated into the plan
or being submitted during the current planning period to ensure an absence of conflict
or redundancy in purpose.
• If needed, return the proposed mitigation initiatives to the submitting agency or
organization for additional information or analysis and resubmitted.
• Prepare a recommendation for action by the LMS Working Group to incorporate the
proposed mitigation initiative into the Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy and to
consent to listing the proposed initiative on the project list.
• On request of the agency or organization attempting to implement an approved
mitigation initiative, the LMS Working Group will certify to any identified party that the
proposed mitigation initiative has been approved for incorporation into the strategy.
Page 49
Sc�avnt
I , , ,_„
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
o The priority of implementation is based on the score given to the project by analysis
from the LMS Working Group.
Changes in prioritization of the project rankings could change for several reasons. Environmental
conditions, such as a pending drought, would warrant more aggressive or rapid implementation of
proposed mitigation initiatives associated with this hazard, even if their overall priority score was
less than those addressing flood. In this way, adjustments in the implementation of the plan can be
made. Conditions that could warrant a change in the implementation schedule of the mitigation
initiatives could include but are not limited to:
o Declared Disasters
o Funding Availability
o New or Revised Policy Development
o Plan Revision Cycles
o Legal of Fiscal Restraints
o Life Safety Priorities
Mitigation Project Priority List
The detailed project priority list can be found in LMS Project Priority List Appendix of this plan. This
Appendix (Excel Spreadsheet) also includes the completed and deleted project lists.
Responsible for Mitigation Actions
Once incorporated into the Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy, the agency or organization
proposing the initiative becomes responsible for its implementation. This may mean developing a
budget for the effort, or making application to state and federal agencies for financial support for
implementation. This is the approach utilized by the LMS Working Group because only the
jurisdiction or organization itself has the authority or responsibility to implement its proposed
mitigation initiatives. The current status of implementation of mitigation initiatives incorporated
into the plan is discussed in the next section.
In this plan implementation process, the LMS Working Group continues to monitor the
implementation status of initiatives, to assign priorities for implementation and to take other such
actions to support and coordinate implementation of initiative by the involved organizations. In
reality, it is the implementation of proposed initiatives, along with other actions by the
organizations participating in the planning to maintain, refine and expand the technical analyses
used in the planning, that constitutes the process to implement the mitigation plan.
Cost - Benefit Analysis
When a project is submitted for the LMS for inclusion in the Project List with the intention of
seeking funds from various grant programs a cost /benefit analysis worksheet will be submitted with
the proposed project for consideration by the LMS Working Group. This worksheet can be found in
the Project List Appendix of this plan.
Actions Completed
A mitigation project that has
been funded and completed
will be added to the Completed
Project
Page 50
SEMINOLE C MTV
ft.*.'xu� WILU (A1KJ
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
List. The LMS Completed Project List is maintained and housed within the Department of Public
Safety, Office of Emergency Management. This list can be found in the LMS Project Priority List
Appendix, Completed List Tab. The LMS project list can change frequently as funding, various local,
state and federal requirements, etc. change and /or are updated. For deleted or deferred mitigation
projects a list is maintained with each project listed including an explanation as to why the project
was deleted or deferred. This list can be found in the LMS Project Priority List Appendix, Deleted List
Ta b.
Strategy Maintenance
LMS Monitoring and Evaluation
The LMS Plan will be housed in the in the Department of Public Safety, Office of Emergency
Management for Seminole County. The LMS Working Group meets on a quarterly basis at a
minimum, as well as after times of natural disaster events, and any other time deemed appropriate
by the Working Group Chairperson, to update and revise the LMS. The criteria used to evaluate the
LMS document and activities should include, but not be limited to the following:
• Federal and /or State Requirements
• Changes in development trends and land use that could affect infrastructure
• Storms or other natural events that have altered Seminole County's hazard areas
• Completion of existing mitigation projects and introduction of new goals
• Changes in policy, procedure or code
• Changes in building codes and practices
• Review of legislative actions that could affect funding of mitigation efforts
• Changes in Flood Insurance Rate Maps, National Flood Insurance Program, etc.
On an annual basis the Department of Public Safety, Office of Emergency Management will
generate a LMS progress report that will evaluate the successes or areas of improvement for the
LMS. The report will be available to the public, as well as provided to all jurisdictional governing
bodies. This annual report also satisfies the CRS program requirements for an annual report for the
floodplain management plan. This will allow people to re- acquaint themselves with the LMS
document and the processes that it identifies, so any recommendations, suggestions, and updates,
can be properly reviewed and weighed for consistency with the direction of the LMS.
The plan is periodically reviewed and adopted by the participating jurisdictions' governing bodies to
ensure that the mitigation actions taken by their organizations are consistent with each
community's larger vision and goals, as well as their overall unique needs and circumstances. The
adoption process includes instructing the jurisdictions' agencies and organizations to continue to
refine, expand and implement the plan.
LMS Updates
Every five years, the LMS plan applies for formal review to FEMA, a FEMA approved LMS mitigation
plan is what keeps our communities eligible for various Federal and state grant programs.
Each year, the
LMS committee
will review the current plan to
make note of any modifications to be
placed in the
new plan. These
notes will be used to develop
the new plan. Additional projects
will
Page 51
Sn 11 LE Q LA7Y
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
be collected to address the notes made
each year. Damage
assessment reports
will be collected
from disasters to determine what types
of mitigation efforts
may be necessary.
These mitigation
issues will be used in the creation of the new
plan.
Citizen input will be requested at various times throughout the year. These activities include the
annual Severe Weather Awareness Week, Prepare Seminole! campaign, and at various community
outreach activities. All citizen inputs will be brought up at quarterly LMS meetings to be held at the
Seminole County Emergency Operations Center. Each year, a list of meetings times and dates will be
posted to the website.
All notes and mitigation efforts will be put together to develop a draft LMS for update. Once the
document is ready for review, LMS committee members will conduct public meetings to solicit
additional input before the LMS plan, any supporting documentation, and the criteria checklist will
be first submitted to the Florida Division of Emergency Management for review, and then
forwarded to FEMA for review and approval.
It will be anticipated the review process could take several months. The Seminole County LMS
Working Group will establish a more aggressive meeting schedule in preparation for the
updated /revised LMS to be resubmitted for approval for each 5 -year FEMA formal review.
Following adoption or approval of the plan by all parties involved, the respective agencies and
organizations will continue to implement the plan, to expand its scope, continue its analyses, and
take other such continuing action to maintain the planning process. This includes action by the LMS
Working Group to routinely incorporate proposed mitigation initiatives into the plan, without the
necessity to also continuously solicit the formal approval of the plan by the jurisdictions' governing
bodies. This process is administered by Department of Public Safety, Office of Emergency
Management.
Implementation through Existing Plans and Programs
One of the methods to most effectively implement the LMS is to propose and implement initiatives
that will further the goals and objectives in the LMS. Initiatives listed, when implemented will serve
to mitigate existing issues. Other current plans, when reviewed and updated will be compared to
the initiatives and objectives of the LMS to ensure that all planning activities work toward the
common goal. Some identified planning mechanisms that have been utilized in the past include (but
have not been limited to) floodplain ordinances, county and municipal comprehensive plans, land
development codes, comprehensive emergency management plan.
Seminole County's Office of Emergency Management has oversight of the process for incorporating
the LMS into other local government planning mechanisms. Some plans, such as the Comprehensive
Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) and Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP), have prescribed
processes that provide the opportunity for integration of LMS goals and objectives at scheduled
intervals. During these planning cycles, Emergency Management reviews the LMS for consistency
and identifies opportunities to link the LMS to the revised plans. As an example, information
collected for the LMS risk assessment has been used to update the CEMP.
As part of the planning integration process, Emergency Management staff also continuously seeks
plan - development opportunities that are not part of existing planning cycles, but are relevant to the
Page 52
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
goals and objectives of the LMS. The process for linking the LMS to planning projects includes
identifying mitigation- related elements in the plans under development, and assuring that policies
and initiatives in the LMS are considered and addressed. Strategic planning is an example of this, as
the process includes looking at both short- and long -term needs and addressing gaps and initiatives
through policy and budget.
Public education and outreach is a large portion of the Local Mitigation Strategy. The LMS is
incorporated in the Prepare Seminole! Campaign which is a community action program to help all
citizens, businesses, and other organizations prepare and mitigate damages. This campaign was
launched in 2005 after tornadoes affected the Central Florida area. The public outreach initiative
uses LMS goals and objectives to encourage mitigation efforts.
The LMS goals are used to help strengthen vulnerable critical facilities by using other grants, funding
opportunities, and policy. The State Homeland Security Grant has been used to strengthen
interoperable communication systems that are used during disasters. In addition, these grants have
strengthened capabilities of the Emergency Operations Center to provide redundant
communications with other EOCs in the region and the State of Florida EOC in Tallahassee, Florida.
The Development Services Department uses strict building codes to prevent loss from fires, natural
disasters, as well as man -made events. In the City of Altamonte Springs, fire sprinkler codes were
adopted to prevent the loss of homes and buildings from fires. Strict planning and building codes
are used to minimize the vulnerability of newly constructed buildings throughout Seminole County.
Particular highlights of the LMS Working Group efforts to implement the mitigation plan through
other plans and programs include updates to the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan
(using the hazards /risk assessment), comprehensive future land use plans of Seminole County and
municipalities. During the updating process, both of these documents will be revised to limit
development in hazard areas, etc. These examples demonstrate that each participating jurisdiction
is committed to incorporating mitigation principles and concepts into their normal operations and
activities via their existing planning and programming processes.
Authorities and References
FEMA. (2011, October 1). Local Mitigation Plan Review Guidance. Retrieved March 1, 2014, from
www.fema.gov: http://www.fema.gov / media - library- data/20130726- 1809- 25045-
7498/pla n _review _gu ide_final 9_30_11. pdf
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (n.d.). Converting Traditional hail Size Descriptions.
Retrieved 2015, from Storm Prediction Center: http: / /www.spc.noaa.gov /misc /tables /hailsize.htm
Natural Resources Defense Council. (n.d.). Climate Chnage Health Threats in Florida (Extreme Heat
Vulnerability). Retrieved from Natural Resources Defense Council:
http://www.nrdc.org/health/climate/fi.asp#ap_heat
Ponemon Institute. (2013). 2013 Cost of Dtat Breach Study: Global Analysis. Pnemon Institute.
Page 53
SE411 LEC LINV 7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
The National Drought Mitigation Center. (2014). Percent Area in U.S. Drought Monitor Catagories (Florida).
Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. Retrieved from http: / /droughtmonitor.uni. edu /MapsAndData /DataTables.aspx
VAISALA. (2013). Southeast U.S. Lightning Data from National Lighting Detection Network. VAISALA.
Wilhite, D. a. (1985). National Drought Mitigation Center. Retrieved 2014, from Types of Drought:
http://drought.un1. edu/ DroughtBasics /TypesofDrought.aspx
Page 54
SE411 LEC LIti7Y
" ,_.,.I I.,,
Seminole County Local Mitigation Strategy
Page 55
HAZARD AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT TOOL
INCIDENT
PROBABILITY
SEVERITY — (MAGNITUDE - MITIGATION)
RISK
HUMAN
IMPACT
PROPERTY
IMPACT
SPATIAL
ECONOMIC
IMPACT
PREPAREDNESS
TRAINHNG
EXERCISE
LOGISTICS
Likelihood this will
occur
Bath oility of
death or inJwy
Physical ages
and damages
Amount Of
Geogmphoo
Area Affected
Intersection i
sernces
Special¢ed Plans
Mule year Training
and is e vise
Planning
Equipment
Teams
Support
th aave
threat*
SCORE
1 =10+
2 -M10 yrs
3- 1 -5yrs
0 =N/A
1-low
2- Moderate
3 -High
0 =N/A
1-low
2- Moderate
3 -High
1 =UP [o 25%
2_25 -50%
3 =50 or mor
0 =N/A
1 -Mw
2- Moder[e
3 -High
1= Specific Has FlarJTest
2= Addressed in otlerplaris
3 -No spec plan f rhaz
1= YearlyTEP
2- 7EPev ayothery
3 -rarely
panned/exercised
1= Hi3hlY Spec Teams /Equip
2 =Mirtimal Egvip?®ma
3- loss ornone
0- 100r /o
Agricidture
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
2
41%
Civil Disorder
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
32%
Cri tical Infrastructure
Disruption
3
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
48%
Cyber Security
3
1
1
1
3
3
2
3
6 a
Disease Pandemic
3
3
1
3
3
1
1
1
62av
Drought / Water Shortage
3
2
1
3
2
2
3
3
-6av
Earthquakes
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
16%
IddremeHeat
3
2
0
3
1
1
2
1
1 4Sav
Financial Collapse
1
0
2
3
3
2
3
3
25%
Fires / Wildfires
3
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
4Sav
Floods
3
2
3
2
2
1
2
1
62av
Haz Mat
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
43av
Mass /Planned Events
3
2
0
1
1
1
1
1
33av
Mass Mignon son /Repat
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
10%
Severe Weather
3
2
2
3
1
2
1
1
5-oori
Sinkholes
3
2
2
1
1
2
3
1
5-oori
Terrorisn
2
3
3
1
3
1
1
1
41av
Tornadoes
3
3
3
1
3
2
1
1
6 -av
Transportation
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
43av
Tropical Cyclones
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
-6av
Violent Acts (Non- Terror)
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
43av
Winter Storms
2
1
1
3
1
1
0 1
1
29%
*Threat Increases with Percentage
MEDIUM
31am-604u
619n r
Seminole County Hazard Analysis 20152020
Hazard TYel A raysls Cdor CVetlbss summary
Relative Risk To
Seminole County
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
a ei `off -v
v
F
\fie d ae t9
0 0� N z
°'° �a P
ee (P
PQa
de \
,c o\a as
0o- 6 P t5°
ac S'�
0IQ J� O@ Q
,c°' ` S�
aE 3�°9
(,�
� � 4° a
�e< a e
p �e
aF
Ff
a�
CQ° po^ pVa
�a`e
O t
o °off ym
q
\
4r
4
i
cka5� <?
a
`\c
Hazard TYel A raysls Cdor CVetlbss summary
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard lAgriculture (Exotic Pests and Diseases
Probability of
6 10 Years
Risk % 41
Rating Medium
Occurrence
to be devastated
Sianificant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
- (1982): The City of Longwood -toad infestation due to heavy rains. (1999): The City of Altamonte Springs
experienced mice infestations. (1995): Citrus Canker detected in Seminole County
- Spatial extent - while the direct impacts may be less than 25 %, the indirect effects of an incident could be county -wide
Impacts /Consequences
Moderate Impact-
- Increased possibility of death or injury to agriculture diseases
- Risk to contaminated food crops
Low impact to critical infrastructure and property resulting in physical losses
- Historically this hazard has more of an impact on crops
- Exotic pests can become a nuisance to property owners if not properly treated
- Hazard can have broader negative impacts to local ecosystems such as habitat loss and biodiversity degradation.
- The 2014 National Climate Assessment reports that with a changing climate, the risk associated with disease - causing
agents and parasites is expected to increase and that the risk of environmental impacts may increase over time
Moderate Impact -
The community may experience a moderate economic loss, primarily for the farming and agriculture
industry, as a result of a pest or disease outbreak
The County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) covers basic response and
recovery capabilities for exotic pests and diseases that are agriculturally based.
Depending on the nature of the pest or disease, responders may require certain protective equipment and tools
An agriculture incident would have minimal impacts on COOP Plan because this hazard would not disrupt normal
procedures
There would likely
be little impact to critical
infrastructure,
but privately owned farmland
has the potential
to be devastated
Would depend on how satisfied those impacted are with the local response
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard ICivil Disorder
Probability of
6 -10 Years
Risk % 32
Rating Medium
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
February 26. 2012 - shooting of 17 year old, Trayvon Martin in Sanford. There were public protests, school walk outs, and thousands of
planned rallies across the nation. The Seminole County EOC provided support for seven weeks in the trial phase of the event.
While spatial extent of the hazard would be 25% or less, civil disorder could have county -wide effects.
Impacts/Consequences
Moderate Impact - Because the hazard is human in nature, tension between the public, law enforcement, judicial system, and
media would be heightened
- Disorder can also lead to violent acts potentially impacting local population
Moderate Impact - There would be little impact in general, but protests and riots have the potential to
cause localized problems
-Very little to no impact on the environment
Moderate Impact - Depending on the population involved, strikes, protests, and riots could have negative
impacts to economic prosperity with employees not showing up to work
Would likely be a jurisdictional management of operations will take effect, coordinated at the County level between
the Sheriffs Office, Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE), and the Office of Emergency Management.
-Those in Law Enforcement may need additional protective equipment when responding to potentially violent incidents of disorder
- Possible increases in crime rate
-There could be some impact to COOP Plan as civil unrest could lead to disruption in operations in affected areas
- Moderate impact to property, facilities, and infrastructure
- Depending on the population affected, those related to or of similar circumstances would react to how the situation is handled
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard lCritical Infrastructure Disruption (Communication, Power, Utilities)
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk °/p 48 Rating Medium
Occurrence
Sicinificant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
Occurs fairly frequently mainly due to severe weather or in extreme cases tropical cyclones. Strong
thunderstorms in the summer and storms associated with passing fronts or low pressure systems occur every
year. Impacts from a disruption would impact less than 25% of the county, but may have county -wide effects.
Imvacts/Consequences
-Low impact - Could cause loss of power to home, disruption in drinking water supply, and threats unable to
be relayed due to loss of communication between people involved with public safety information
-Low impact - various homes and businesses could lose electrical power
- Hazards such as flooding from water main breaks, pollution from damaged or malfunctioning power
plants and contamination from sewage/solid waste pose threats to local ecosystems and air quality.
- Moderate impact - depending on the type, scale, duration, and severity of disruption
- Disruption to these facilities by threat or attack will be dealt with utilizing the Seminole County
Terrorism Annex.
-In other situations the responsible agency would coordinate with emergency management
Depending on the size of the disruption, this may cause an interception of emergency radio traffic in the event of a communications failure.
There may be some impact to COOP Plan if communication is disrupted. If so, alternate methods would be used
to coordinate the appropriate response
- Facilities near the affected areas may have to shut down
- Properties may have to undergo decontamination
- Infrastructure at a regional level could be severely affected if shut down
High confidence in jurisdictional response partly dependent on a timely recovery
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard ICyber Security /Cyber Attack
Probability of
1 -5 Years
Risk % 67
Rating High
Occurrence
is
lower in being able to respond and
recover from an attack
Sianificant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
-The nation as a whole has been affected by various cyber attacks, especially credit card fraud.
-In 2013, the average monetary loss per victim in Florida was about $2,750.
-A cyber security threat would physically affect less than 25% of Seminole County, but could have countywide effects.
Impacts/Consequences
Low impact- physical harts to the public would be unlikely
Low impact- physical damage to property would be unlikely
Low impact- potential for impact depending on the nature of the attack
High impact- Depending on the nature of the threat, financial transactions and other economic processes
could be heavily impacted
- Emergency management has combined with the County's Information Services Department to
mitigate technological hazards
- Operations within vicinity areas affected
Low impact to those responding to a cyber security threat
Low impact to COOP, depending on target of attack. This may cause the relocation of a particular service if severe enough.
Information technology infrastructure could be stressed or shut down, but otherwise only a low risk to
property and facilities
- Confidence
is
high in protecting community from
cyber attacks
- Confidence
is
lower in being able to respond and
recover from an attack
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard I Disease and Pandemic Outbreak
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk % 62 Rating High
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
•0'
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
Hepatitis C: yearly cases averaging 300 patients. Influenza: Reported every other year averaging 40 cases. 2009 H5N1 and
H7N9 Avian flu reported 141 cases. Salmonellosis: averaging over 100 reported cases per year.
Spatial Extent - Depending on the severity, a disease outbreak could affect more than 50 %, and most likely the entire county.
Impacts(Consequences
High impact -- Hepatitis C - Long term effects of cirrhosis of the liver and death. Influenza - Airbome viral spread contamination.
Insignificant rate of death, although possible for people with associated health risks, elderly and children. Salmonellosis - Sickness
with symptoms vomiting, diarrhea and fever. If not treated may lead to death.
Low Impact -- Temporarily or permanently closing down restaurants, grocery stores and other small
businesses/food relating industries if disease is harmful enough.
Likely low impact, unless the disease affected certain animal populations
High Impact- Slow down of business and economic activity in an area affected by the disease due to
workers missing duty (sickness), temporary close down of businesses, hospital resource /space usage
and limited interaction between people due to quarantine and fear of exposure.
-The Department of Health is the lead agency in an event.
-The County would make use of the Strategic National Stockpile, and use the County's schools as a point of
dispensing of pharmaceuticals - -A Hospital capacity may be impacted depending on size and severity of event
Heightened stress on medical personnel and may require higher level of personal protective equipment (PPE)
Low impact to COOP Plan, unless disease spread and affected individuals involved in the response operations
Increased stress on local hospitals with increasing patients related to disease minimal impact to physical structures.
Seminole County's response to a disease outbreak would determine the public's confidence in the medical
and emergency management capabilities
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard I Drought and Water Shortage
Probability of
1 -5 Years
Risk % 76
Rating High
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
From October 2010 to June of 2012, much of the state had D3- Drought Extreme conditions. The 2 month period of April
and May of 2012, reached highest level of drought with portions of the state under a D -4 Drought Exceptional condition.
- Spatial Extent - A drought would affect more than 50 %, and most likely the entire county .
Imvacts/Consequences
Moderate Impact- may require water use restrictions, which could cause stress to agricultural concerns
- Increase in heat - related illness including dehydration
- Vulnerable populations (infants, children, elderly, and pets) may require more attention
Low Impact- Heat - sensitive components may be compromised
Low Impact- A reduction in ground water supplies creates a situation conducive to sinkholes
- Non - domesticated animals will be directly impacted, flora may die off, increased fire risk as well as likelihood of soil quality degradation
-With a changing climate, the risk for environmental impacts may increase over time
Moderate Impact- Agribusiness, public utilities, and other industries reliant upon water for production or services
Prolong drought periods may require suspension of services
- Prolonged exposure to severe conditions, overexertion required by job will increase risk of heat - related illness
Low impact to COOP Plan from a drought our water shortage incident because no major disruptions associated with it
Low impact - Heat - sensitive components may be compromised
The response of various utilities, water resource managers, and emergency management would be subject
to the public's approval
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard JEarthquakes
Probability of
10+ Years
Risk % 16
Rating Low
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
Earthquakes have not had a major impact in Florida. January 1879- St.Augustine, January 1880 Cuba and Key
West, January 2014- Cuba and Key West, Other minor occurrences are recorded with very limited damage.
Spatial Extent - An earthquake would be very localized and affect less than 25% of the county.
Impacts /Consequences
Low Impact- Risk to health and safety from falling debris, stress and fatigue are also possible if incident is severe enough.
Low Impact - earthquakes can cause damage to property, facilities, and infrastructure but historically has
not occurred in Seminole County.
Low Impact - localized consequences, but historically has not occurred in Seminole County
Low Impact to the overall economy of Seminole County. Business would be able to reopen once a
building inspection was complete.
If severe enough, a moderate impact to critical facilities would occur, but earthquakes have not
historically occurred in Seminole County
There would be a risk of falling debris and impacted transportation routes, but earthquakes historically have not occurred
Low likelihood, but moderate impact to COOP Plan In an event, resources to continue operations maybe limited (i.e. phones, Internet)
Potentially high impact, but seismic events have historically not occurred in Seminole County
Public confidence in this hazard will be directly related to the County's overall response by local leaders
and public safety officials.
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard lExtreme Heat
Probability of
1 -5 Years
Risk % 48
Rating Medium
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
Summer heat indices can exceed 100 degrees. Two of the top ten wannest temperatures recorded were in June of 2004, reaching 100
and 101 degrees. The Natural Resources Defense council expects for the county to have 13.8 summer days per year of extreme heat.
- Spatial Extent - Extreme heat would affect more than 50%, if not the entire county.
Impacts /Consequences
Moderate Impact - Inside a home with little or no air conditioning is the most dangerous place to be during extreme heat.
-Heat related illness (exhaustion, stroke, and dehydration) are more likely especially with the vulnerable population (children,
elderly, and pets)
Negligible impact to property as most infrastructure is built to withstand high temperatures seen with
Central Florida's climate
-Low impact
-A reduction in ground water supplies create a situation conducive to sinkholes, non - domesticated animals will be directly
impacted, Flora may die off — With a changing climate, the risk of environmental impacts may increase over time
Low impact - may stress local water supply demands
There would likely be minimal impacts to operations from an extreme heat event as long as
working conditions remain normal (proper A/C, etc.)
- Prolong exposure to severe conditions
- Overexertion required by job will increase heat - related illness
There would likely be minimal impacts to COOP Plan and to local government as long as working conditions
remain normal (proper A/C, etc.)
Negligible impact to property, facilities, and infrastructure as most are built to withstand high
temperatures
The public confidence would be related to any response actions the county takes to alleviate effects from
extreme heat
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard IFInancial Collapse
Probability of
10+ Years
Risk % 25
Rating Low
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
The Great Depression - 1929- 1940s, Great Recession - December 2007 -June 2009
Spatial Extent - Would affect more than 50% of area - a financial collapse would impact virtually the entire county's population
Impacts /Consequences
Negligible -no physical harm to the population is noted
Moderate Impact - houses, vehicles, etc. can be lost with inability to finance costs due to potential money
loss however, no physical loss to property is noted
There would be no direct impact to the environment, however economic effects could indirectly affect
environmental protection projects, initiative, etc.
'High Impact - Subject to the nature of the collapse, many, if not all economic properties would be
affected.
- Stocks, unemployment, the ability to loan and borrow would all be impacted
Certain operations may be slowed by an economic crisis
There would likely be minimal impacts to those dealing with financial collapse; high stress, anxiety, etc.
May be some impact to COOP Plan - Employees needed to help in the recovery may lose their jobs as a result of
a financial collapse
Physical damage not applicable, but any repairs or new construction needed may be impacted by a
struggling economy
Public's confidence would be dependent on the ability of the economy to recover in a somewhat timely
!manner
EMAP Standard 4.3.1!4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard Fires/Wildfires
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk % 48 Rating Medium
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
Summer 1998 -2,000 acres burned in Geneva, 12 residences destroyed, no fatalities or injuries, about $1.1 million loss— 4/2012 - local
state of emergency, burn ban - Spatial Extent - Impact less than 25% of the area within Seminole County, though the effects of smoke
could cover a slightly larger area
Impacts /Consequences
- Moderate Impact- has potential to kill or injure people trapped in buming buildings
-For immediate area, smoke that decreases air quality may exacerbate respiratory problems, those with special needs may require .
more attention
Moderate Impact- Can damage or destroy buildings including homes and businesses
- Extensive impact to wildlife and vegetation
-With a changing climate, the risk for environmental impacts may increase over time
Moderate Impact- potential impact on agricultural industry and insurance industry
If affected, operations may be relocated or suspended
- Increased exposure to smoke inhalation
-High risk of health and safety of responders
To continue the COOP Plan, operations may be relocated or suspended
Moderate impact to transportation and utilities infrastructure, potential damage to properties
The public confidence level depends upon the level of approval of the county to contain and respond to the
fire threat
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard IFlooding
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk % 62 Rating High
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
Tropical Storm Fay (2008) - localized flooding, roadway washouts, affected over 150 homes, prompted Presidential
Disaster Declaration, Hurricanes in 2004 - Charley, Frances, and Jeanne, Historic flooding event of 1924
- Spatial Extent - Flooding could impact between 25%-50% of the county's area, potentially greater in rare events
Im pacts /Conseauen ces
Moderate Impact- risk to loss of life and injury, displacement, increased distress
-May affect drinking water; can increase risks to health
High Impact- Utility outages, transportation infrastructure closures, and isolated populations
Varying levels of damage to structures in low -lying areas
- Increased risk of exposure to hazardous materials
- Displacement of wildlife may increase public health and safety issues
- Increased arboviral vectors
Moderate Impact- dependent on severity of flooding
High impact on insurance industry
Operations may be affected or interrupted by flooding
Risk to life and safety while responding to populations affected by flooding
Potential impact to COOP Plan - staffing difficulties are possible (personnel unable to drive to work, attending to
own family)
High Impact- Utility outages, transportation infrastructure closures, and isolated populations
Varying levels of damage to structures in low -lying areas
Confidence will be shaped by the reaction to the response of emergency management in mitigating,
preparing, and responding to a flooding event
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard I Hazardous Materials (Fixed Site and Transportation)
Probability of 6 -10 Years Risk % 43 Rating Medium
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
-No major incidents to report, though potential exists with CSX railroads, as well as Interstate 4 and SR
417 are used to transport hazardous materials — Spatial Impact - Any hazardous material accident
would have very localized impacts, and would account for less than 25% of the county's geographic area
Impacts /Consequences
High
Impact-
depending on the
hazardous material they are
ranging impacts to human health and safety
-may
require
shelter -in -place
Low Impact- the property affected by a spill could have varying impacts depending on the type and scale
of the disaster
High impact - to areas of highest concentration, may require specialized clean up
Low Impact - to financial community of impacted area
Low impact to operations, unless rare event that required relocation
Protective actions required for responders such as proper PPE, depending on the hazardous materials
Low impact - Unless directly impacted operations center, this hazard poses very little threat to COOP Plan
Most likely low impact, but depending on nature and severity of event, there could be a larger risk to
infrastructure, etc.
The public's confidence would
be related to the ability of the county to
respond
appropriately and contain
the situation
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard Mass Gathering /Planned Events
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk % 33 Rating Medium
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
"Red, Hot, and Boom" 4th of July Celebration in Altamonte Springs brings over 150,000 people, City of
Sanford's Fort Mellon, Winter Springs and Oviedo fireworks, Scottish Festival, ECNL Soccer League,
December - Spatial Extent - These events are localized and would affect less than 25% of the county
Impacts/Consequences
Moderate Impact- With large amounts of people, general injuries are more likely, civil disturbances more likely, increased traffic
and accident risk
Negligible impact - Influx of people may overtax local resources, if not prepared however no impact to the physical property is expected
Negligible impact - this non - natural hazard would likely not have an impact on local environment
Low Impact- increased demand of local resources, food, water, etc.
If gathering near center of operations, civil unrest could lead to disruption in operations in affected
areas
May experience increased calls of service, potentially dealing with heavy traffic, slowing response time
If gathering near center of operations, civil unrest could lead to disruption to the COOP in affected areas
Influx of people may overtax local facilities, roads, and resources, if not prepared
How the County responds with security, and response to any emergency will determine the publics
confidence
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard Mass Migration /Repatriation
Probability of 6 10 Years Risk % 10 Rating Low
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
CK6Z61:1
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
January 2010 - Operation Haiti Relief after earthquake brought displaced and some injured people
through Orlando Sanford International Airport
- Spatial Extent - this hazard would affect less than 25% of the geographical area
Impacts/Consequences
Low Impact - Possible increases in crime rate, civil disturbances may increase
Negligible Impact - mass migration would have little to no impact on physical property
Low Impact - Massive increase in population could strain environment
Low impact - increase demands of deliverable goods
- increased crime in affected areas could affect local economy
Increased population could lead to civil unrest which may affect operations
Could be increased calls to service and need for additional personnel to handle influx of population
Civil unrest could lead to disruption to COOP Plan in affected areas
Depending on type and scale of event, some local facilities and infrastructure could be stressed or
overtaxed
The ability of necessary responders to coordinate the specific event will determine public's confidence. The
public may react to how migrants are treated as well.
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard Isevere Weather (Hail, Lightning, Micro - bursts, Thunderstorms)
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk % 57 Rating Medium
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
3/30 - 3/31/2011 - Winter Park storms caused widespread power outages, fallen trees, road flooding, and damage to homes.
7/27113 - Micro -burst near Sanford Airport - one slightly damaged building, carts blown across property
- Spatial Extent - This hazard could impact greater than 50% of the county and in extreme cases, county-wide effects
Impacts/Conseauences
Moderate Impact - Potential for minimal loss of life and injuries
-May require shelter operations, potential impact on mental and physical health
Moderate Impact - can cause utility outages and potentially major damage to buildings from wind,
lightning can start fires as well, there is also a threat to aviation property
Low Impact - environmental tolerances can be overwhelmed by hazards associated with severe weather
-Debris and hazardous materials could be released into the environment
-With a changing climate, the risk of environmental impacts from severe weather may increase
Low Impact - depending on type of hazard and specific event, there could be damage to certain
buildings, etc.
Dangerous weather conditions may cause difficulty in responders ability to travel
-Loss of power may impact system operations and or communication
Protective actions required, PPE required for safety in addressing downed utility line, hazardous material, and debris
- Status of responders family will affect responder's ability to perform his/her duties
Some impact to COOP - Only in extreme situations of damage would relocation be necessary, communication and
utilities may be impacted
Possible utility outages and transportation infrastructure closures, damage to property and buildings in
general is possible
Residents affected by severe weather can look to local first responders and Insurance companies to assist
with damages. OEM responds to all reported severe weather events and coordinates messaging with the
National Weather Service to alert residents of pending severe weather.
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard Sinkholes /Land Subsidence
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk % 57 Rating Medium
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
Average size: 3-4 ft.
wide and 4 -5 ft. deep, 130 sinkholes /land subsidence in the county since
1962. They are a common naturally occurring
geological
phenomenon - Spatial Extent- localized
incidents that affect
less than 25% of the total
land mass
of the county
/mpacts/Consequences
Moderate Impact on the public outside of the immediate area
- Risk to contaminated drinking water when sinkhole encroaches on aquifer
Moderate Impact overall, isolated to home or businesses affected; could be costly to repair
- Sinkholes/ Land Subsidence events can affect the infrastructure by draining unfiltered water from
streams, lakes and protected wetlands into the aquifer
Moderate Impact to the environment; sinkholes can affect the environment by threatening water
supplies by draining water from streams, lakes, and wetlands directly into the aquifer; this could affect
wildlife habitats
'Low impact to the overall local economy, a localized sinkhole or land subsidence event would have a
very limited impact on services.
There would be minimal impact to program operations due to the isolated nature of sinkholes
Low impact to responders due isolated nature of sinkholes
There would be minimal impact to COOP due to the isolated nature of sinkholes
Isolated sinkholes could impact critical facilities, transportation infrastructure, and private property
Residents affected by sinkholes may look to first responders and insurance companies for assistance.
OEM responds to all reported sinkholes /land subsidence events to perform a site survey and take photos
for documentation. New study for Florida to be released in 2015.
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard ITerrorism (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosive)
Probability of 6 -10 Years Risk % 41 Rating Medium
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
No major terrorist attacks in Central Florida or Seminole County, Other than 9/11/01, South Florida experienced
and Anthrax outbreak in 2001. Spatial Extent - A terrorist attack would most likely be very localized and isolated
and impact less than 25% of the geographic area of the County, effects could be county-wide
Impacts/Consequences
High Impact - great potential for threat to health and safety depending on type of attack
- localized impact if explosive, but potentially wide spread effects if CBRN
High Impact - depending on type of attack and property targeted, there could be major if not catastrophic
localized damage
- Potentially high impact if CBRNE is dispersed
- Aquifer system is vulnerable to intentional spill of hazardous material
High Impact - if target is financial or major commercial building or institution, impacts can be greater and
more widespread; other cases could shut down industries, infrastructure, and /or the delivery of services
If dispersal is in vicinity, there could be major impacts and disruption; potential relocation
- Potentially very dangerous and hazardous conditions
- Requires proper protective equipment for various threats, increase stress and fatigue
Depending on type, scale, and specific location of event, the COOP Plan could be disrupted
Potentially high impact to critical facilities and infrastructure depending on target of attack and type of
threats
Public's confidence could be severely impacted by terrorist attack depending on nature and scale of threat.
Prevention and response are key to maintaining confidence.
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard ITornadoes
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk % F6-7'-'7 Rating High
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
I nfrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
On 2122/1998 an EF 3 tornado struck Seminole County and caused $31 million dollars in damages.
- Spatial Extent - Tornadoes are usually very isolated and would impact less than 25% of the
geographically area of the county
Impacts /Consequences
High impact in the immediate path of the tornado. From 1950- 2004 there have been a total of 14 fatalities and 152 injuries as a
result of tornado events.
High Impact - Tornadoes have historically been known to cause a large mount of property damage. In
1998, and EF 3 tornado in Seminole County caused $31 million in damages.
Moderate Impact - mainly isolated in nature, but can harm or kill various plant and animals
- Debris and hazardous material could be released into the environment
-With a changing climate, the risk for environmental impacts from tornadoes may increase
High Impact - A tornado can have a large economic impact to the community. Tornado events are
typically very costly to recover from and can impact the ability for the community to reopen businesses
Agencies may
be forced to relocate if tornado
is threatening.
Operations could be
stalled by
transportation
and communication barriers
well
Immediate response can be
stalled because
of
dangerous weather conditions,
proper protective equipment
may be needed
as
well
Possible impact to COOP Plan. Agencies may be forced to relocate to continue essential operations as a result of
impact from tornadoes
Tornadoes can cause massive failure in electrical, communications, and other critical infrastructures
Timely warning provided by local forecasters and emergency management will be critical
along with response and recovery efforts taken by county will impact public's confidence
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard ITransportation Accident
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk % 43 Rating Medium
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
There have not been any major accidents recently in Seminole County, but the potential exists with the Orlando Sanford
International Airport (SFB), rail systems (Central Florida Rail Corridor (CFRC), SunRail and Amtrak Auto Train.
- Spatial Extent - accidents are very isolated in nature and would affect less than 25% of the geographical area of the county
Impacts /Consequences
High Impact - Depending on type of accident, major injuries and mass casualties are possible, especially with aircraft and trains.
Low Impact - depending on nature and scale of accident, isolated property damage could occur
Low Impact - any impact would isolated in nature, unless in the extreme case a fire is started in a
vulnerable wild -fire area.
Low Impact - Isolated accidents do not pose major threats to the economy, though depending on the
type and scale of the accident and areas impacted, the cost to repair and recovery could be expensive
A transportation accident would have little or no impact on program operations
Responders would require appropriate protective equipment, personnel may need support if a mass casualty incident
Impacts to COOP Plan would likely be minimal because the isolated nature of a transportation accident
Isolated property and critical facilities and transportation infrastructure could be shut down or impacted
depending on nature, scale and location of event
Public confidence is related to the overall response to a major traffic accident on the part of the county's
responders
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard ITropical Cyclones
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk % 76 Rating High
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
2004 - Hurricanes Charley, Frances, and Jeanne - Local State of Emergency declared, County offices and schools
closed, 2005 - Wilma - flooding rains,etc., 2008- Tropical Storm Fay - major flooding from torrential rains
- Spatial Extent - Tropical cyclones can have far reaching effects and would impact the entire county
Impacts/Conseguences
High Impact - depending on the strength of the storm, evacuation may be necessary of low lying areas
-Food and water issues if residents unprepared for shelter in place for duration of event
- Injuries and fatalities possible, most likely due to flooding
High Impact - depending on strength of the storm, structural damage to residential, commercial,
industrial, and govemmental buildings could be major
Varied Impacts - depending on strength of the storm, trees and shrubbery could sustain major damage
- Transportation of foreign debris and flooding can disrupt ecosystem services
High Impact - Depending on strength of the storm, low to high impacts could be felt within the path of the
storm on all business sectors
Regional impacts could be greater with a catastrophic storm
If damage to government offices, relocation may be needed
-May be difficulty in responding during event because of dangerous weather conditions,
experience fatigue and stress during hazardous conditions
- status of responder's family will affect the responder's ability to perform his/her duties
The COOP Plan may be disrupted depending on strength of storm
High Impact - depending on strength of the storm, structural damage to residential, commercial,
industrial, and governmental buildings could be major
-major disruption could occur with transportation infrastructure, or damage to critical facilities
The public's confidence is related to how well services are kept online, proper warning information, and
lability to respond to various hazards associated with tropical cyclones
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard JViolent Acts (Non- Terrorism)
Probability of 1 -5 Years Risk % 43 Rating Medium
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
COOP
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
There have been no major recent acts of violence in Seminole County, but the possibility is always there
- Spatial Extent - Event would be highly isolated in nature and would impact less than 25% of the
geographic area of the county
Impacts/Consequences
High Impact- Violent acts can cause mass injuries /casualties depending on nature and scale of act
- Mental and emotional stress can also be heightened
Low Impact- Non - terrorist violent acts typically do not target or impact property specifically, and if so,
damage would likely be minimal
Low impact - There is low probability that the environment would be impacted from a violent act
unless it is an intentional fire
Low Impact- any violent act would have minimal effects on local economy
Unless act directly impacts government personnel or buildings, the impacts would be minimal
-Would require necessary protective equipment depending on nature and scale of situation
- Status of responder's family will affect the responder's ability to perform his /her duties
The COOP Plan would largely be unaffected by a non terrorist violent act depending on the act
Impacts isolated to facilities directly related to violent act, some transportation infrastructure could be
disrupted during response to security threat
Public's confidence dependent upon the ability of the County to thwart threat and respond to situation and
protect victims
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2
Seminole County LMS Hazard Summary
Hazard lwinter Storms /Freezes
Probability of 6 -10 Years Risk % 29 Rating Low
Occurrence
Significant
Occurrences
Human
Property
Environment
Economic
Program
Operations
Responders
we
Property/
Facilities/
Infrastructure
Public
Confidence in
Jurisdiction's
Governance
December 1989- could outbreak and hard freeze, temperatures in the 20s, extensive damage to citrus crop, power blackouts, in
the entire state of Florida, 26 deaths were the result of hypothermia
Spatial Extent- Would likely have countywide consequences impacting greater than 50% of the geographic area of the county
Impacts/Consequences
Low impact- Risk of hypothermia and extreme loss of heat if residents are not prepared for conditions (especially
with wind chill factored in), special needs population, infants, children, and elderly may require more attention
Low impact- historically, no major problems for properties in Seminole County, but in extreme situations,
electrical outages, and dangerous road conditions are possible
Moderate Impact- Damage or loss of susceptible plants and animals
Low impact- possible impact to agriculture, especially plant and animal industries within the county
Relatively low impact to operations; prolonged severe cold weather periods may strain utility
company
Low impact to responders; extended periods of cold weather increases risk for hypothermia, fatigue, etc.
Very little to no impact on COOP from a winter storm or freeze except in the case of power outages
Low impact- historically, no major problems for properties in Seminole County, but in extreme situations,
electrical outages, and dangerous road conditions are possible
The public's confidence is dependent on the ability of responders to provide proper warning, response to
utility outages, and protection of vulnerable populations and infrastructure
EMAP Standard 4.3.1/4.3.2