HomeMy WebLinkAbout2008 04 28 Continuation From April 14, 2011 Regular 602 LEED CertificationCOMMISSION AGENDA
ITEM 602
A ril 4 2008
- :.~,.1 M eting
CONSENT
INFORMATIONAL
PUBLIC HEARING
REGULAR X
MGR. /DEPT _
Authorization =
REQUEST: Community Development Department is providing the City Commission with a
brief summary of information regarding green buildings and LEED certification, as previously
directed by the Commission.
PURPOSE: This agenda item is to provide the Commission the requested up-date regarding
green buildings and LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), point out
existing green government initiatives, list green options and what the City currently does (at
least to some extent), and request the Commission to determine if it wishes to further pursue
green policies.
CONSIDERATIONS:
BACKGROUND & INTRODUCTION: The ecology movement of the late 1960s
and early 1970s, followed by the oil embargo, fuel shortages, and energy price increases in the
1970s jump-started the movement for building energy efficiency, alternate energy sources, and
the inclusion of alternate energy sources in energy efficient buildings. However, during the
1980s, politics, in combination with relatively inexpensive oil, resulting largely from the North
Sea and Alaska oil field production, slowed the movement considerably.
Green development is part of an attempt to protect ecosystems, conserve natural resources,
create sustainable development and interconnected circulation systems, and to provide
amenities and a quality of life with a minimum negative impact on the planet. If today's
consumption rates were maintained, a child born in the U.S. today would, on average, account
for the following by age 75: 52 tons of garbage, 43 million gallons of water, and 3,375 forty
four gallon (not 55 gallon) barrels of oil. Atypical American family of 4 uses an average of
25,550 gallons of water a year on laundry and 9,125 gallons a year to flush toilets.
In the U.S., today, existing buildings account for the following: 36 percent of total energy use,
30 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, 30 percent of raw materials used, 30 percent of waste
output (136 million tons), and 12 percent of potable water consumption. In 2003, the average
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new single family residence (2,320 S.F.) generated between 6,960 and 12,064 pounds of
construction waste.
Indoor air is considered to range from two (2) to ten (10) times more hazardous than outdoor
air. Most Americans spend more than 90 percent of their time in buildings or in some form of
automobile. The incidence of asthma has increased more than 100 percent since 1976 and now
one in 9 children have asthma. It is estimated that about half of all illnesses are either caused
by or aggravated by polluted indoor air. Each year, indoor air quality problems cost u.s.
businesses an estimated 150 million workdays and $15 billion in lost productivity.
The "Wall Street Journal" states that, at the present, more than 75 percent of Americans
consider themselves environmentalists. Another study found that a majority of home builders
believe that energy efficiency is important to their consumers. Seventy percent of custom and
production home builders believe green is important to marketing and sales. Ninety one
percent of consumers believe that energy efficiency is extremely or very important. Fifty five
percent of consumers state that they would pay, on average, $9,600 more for more energy-
efficient home features. Eighty-five percent of green home buyers say they are more satisfied
with their green home than any previous home they have purchased.
In 1993, the American Institute of Architects Committee on the Environment, inspired by the
1992 Rio Earth Summit, published The Environmental Resource Guide. This was a
comprehensive account of the theory, practice, and technology of environmental buildings.
This same gathering inspired the creation ofthe United States Green Building Council
(USGBC).
USGBC: The USGBC was founded in Washington, D.C., in 1993, by David Gottfried,
Richard Fedrizzi, and Michael Italiano and is a non-profit organization committed to
sustainable building practices. Its mission is to transform the way buildings and
communities are designed, built, and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially
responsible, healthy, and prosperous environment that improves the quality of life. The
USGBC made two decisive moves to expedite adoption and implementation of environmental
or green building practices: (1) it expanded its audience beyond the architecture profession and
(2) it actively sought to involve the private sector.
In 2006, the USGBC began working with the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and
Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE) and the Illuminating Engineering Society of
North America (IESNA) to create an American National Standards Institute (ANSI)-accredited
standard for green building for incorporation into building codes. It is called the
ASHRAE/USGBC/IESNA Standard 189 and when it is finalized, it is intended to provide a
baseline for high-performance green buildings (but not low-rise residential) and will eventually
be a prerequisite under LEED. The new standard is intended to draw on LEED, but will
remain distinct from LEED. The Standard 189 sought to incorporate current initiatives
including, but not limited to, those of the U.S. federal agencies, the American Institute of
Architects, and the U.S. Conference of Mayors.
LEED: In 1995, the USGBC drafted standards for green building. The name
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) was adopted in 1996 (the pilot
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version was launched in 1998 and a rating system in 2000). The term "smart growth" was also
coined in 1996.
The USGBC is now composed of more than 12,000 organizations from across the building
industry, including building owners and end users, real estate developers, facility managers,
architects, designers, engineers, general contractors, sub-contractors, building system
manufacturers, government agencies, and non-profit agencies. The U.S. market in green
building products and services grew from $7 billion in 2005 to nearly $12 billion in 2007.
More than 54,500 designers, builders, suppliers, and managers have attended USGBC
educational programs and by the end of 2006, there were more than 40,000 LEED accredited
professionals. There are more than 70 regional USGBC chapters, including the Central Florida
Chapter. A major reason for the popularity of the LEED program may be that it is certified
and administered by the USGBC staff, rather than putting a significant burden on local
building departments.
Various states, including, but not limited to, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Maryland, Michigan,
Nevada, Rhode Island, and Washington, either require LEED standards for their new
government buildings and projects or provide tax abatement or credits for LEED certified
commercial buildings.
The LEED rating system is now a nationally accepted building design standard or benchmark
which combines prerequisites with options that rate credits for an overall score for the
construction and operation of environmentally high performance buildings. Higher scores rate
for progressive levels of certification - platinum being the highestlbest level of certification.
There are now various categories for LEED:
. LEED for new construction (NC);
. LEED for existing buildings (EB);
. LEED for commercial interiors (CI);
. LEED for core and shell (CS);
. LEED for homes (H); and
. LEED for neighborhood development (ND).
LEED generally and LEED-NC (for new construction) addresses the building itself, but places
little value on the location of the building or the ramifications of that location (e.g. whether or
not it is isolated or fully interconnected and integrated into its surroundings).
LEED-H: LEED for Homes was formally launched in December 2007, following a 2 year
pilot program, during which 6,300 "green" homes were constructed throughout the U.S. The
U.S. has more than 80 green home-building programs, but they are not applicable to other
different geographic or climatic regions. The National Association of Homebuilders (NAHB)
has its Model Green Homebuilding Guidelines, but unlike LEED, independent third party
verification of the home's design, features, and performance are not required.
LEED-H specifies a sustainable site with linkages to infrastructure (e.g. compact development;
close proximity to transportation, water, sewer, and green-space; infill; not developing
farmland or an environmentally sensitive site), water efficiency (e.g. capturing rainwater,
graywater reuse, highly efficient indoor fixtures and irrigation systems), energy efficiency (e.g.
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insulation, air filtration, venting, contaminant control, windows, lighting, appliances,
renewable energy, HV AC, hot water heating systems, refrigerant management), materials and
techniques (e.g. advanced framing techniques, waste management, local materials,
environmentally "friendly" products), and indoor air quality (e.g. venting, filtering,
contaminant control). LEED-H criteria and points are specific to the geographic and climatic
area (e.g. different climates, precipitation, radon, termite infestation) and builders can earn
points for regionally appropriate designs.
LEED-H ratings range from Silver to Gold to Platinum. The cost to register a LEED-H
certification ranges from $500 through $3,000, which is much less than that for the average
commercial building. About 2 million new homes are constructed annually in the U.S. The
February 2008 issue of "Urban Land" states that more than two thirds ofthe nation's
homebuilders will be constructing "green" homes by the end of the year (representing at least
15 percent oftheir product).
LEED-ND: LEED for Neighborhood Development is a rating system that integrates the 10
principles of smart growth (see Attachment "A"), new urbanism, and green building into the
first national standard for neighborhood design. It is being developed by the US Green
Building Council (USGBC) in partnership with the Congress for the New Urbanism (CNU),
and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC).
LEED-ND is a multi-disciplinary approach to integrating technology, infrastructure, and site
design, building construction, and operations. Different building types have different energy
use profiles. The building envelope (walls, size and location of windows, porches, awnings,
and roof) are typically designed by the architect and structural engineer; the mass and building
orientation are often determined by the civil engineer or site planner; and the integration of
various infrastructural elements are designed by the civil and/or environmental engineer in
conjunction with the traffic engineer. The preservation of important ecological and scenic
vistas may involve the ecologist and/or landscape architect.
LEED-ND is the integration ofland use, transportation, and technology, rather than simply the
location of an isolated green building - or even an isolated green development. It stresses
density and a critical mass of people in complete neighborhoods in conjunction with inter-
connected pedestrian-friendly streets and sidewalks, high performance infrastructure (e.g.
potable water, sanitary sewer, storm-water, solid waste, and energy), scale, and site design that
all function to support various commercial activities. Thus, LEED-ND or sustainable urbanism
attempts to create sustainable neighborhood businesses integrated with a permanent market of
surrounding residential density (in contrast to the quintessential shopping center sprawl, that
people will not and often cannot walk to, which often lasts 10-20 years and then becomes
abandoned or falls into disrepair). LEED-ND or sustainable urbanism creates many
transportation, business, recreation, and housing options for a broad spectrum of society
(different age, socio-economic strata, and mobility impairments/abilities).
LEED-ND or sustainable urbanism must maintain the focus on the pedestrian (not the car), in
terms of scale and movements. For example, architecture becomes more important at walking
or biking speeds than from a car at 45 mph. The subdivision of land, provision of
infrastructure, and long-term design of a site must accommodate the pedestrian. Sidewalks
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need to be wide enough, connected, safe to walk, and inviting (e.g. not adjacent to large
expanses of blank walls or parking lots). Sites need to be divided into pedestrian scale blocks,
roads narrow enough and buildings high enough to create the outdoor "room effect," vehicular
speeds low enough to allow safe biking and walking, and intersections safe to cross.
GREEN GLOBES: Green Globes originated in Canada and is relatively new in the U.S.
It is a building rating system for commercial buildings and is gaining significant attention. The
major points are listed below:
. The Green Building Initiative (GBI), working in conjunction with the National
Association of Home Builders (NAHB), has acquired the rights to Green Globes in the
U.S. and is actively promoting the program.
. Although originally criticized for its lack ofthird-party verification procedures, the
Green Globes program now offers the option of verification of submitted data by GBI-
approved and Green Globes-trained licensed engineers and architects.
. GBI is the first green building organization to become ANSI accredited.
. Current efforts ofGBI and Green Globes, similar to that ofUSGBC and LEED, have
been focused on the development of an ANSI-accredited green building standard for
commercial buildings to be utilized in conjunction with Green Globes.
. As part of the ANSI protocols to develop Green Globes as an ANSI standard, the
Chicago Regional Manager International Code Council (ICC) Regional Services,
Steven Thorsell (a licensed architect), is currently serving as a technical committee
member.
RECENT FEDERAL INITIATIVES: In 2005, Congress passed the Energy Policy
Act (EP ACT), which provides increased incentives for alternative power (e.g. solar and wind)
and energy conservation for private sector buildings.
In December 2007, President Bush signed into effect the Energy Independence and Security
Act (HR 6). The highlights of the bill include the following:
. improve vehicle fuel economy
. increased production ofbio-fuels
. energy savings through improved standards for appliances and lighting
. energy savings in buildings and industry (green building provisions)
. energy savings in government and public institutions
. carbon capture and sequestration
. improved management of energy policy
. international energy programs
. green jobs
. energy, transportation and infrastructure
. small business energy programs
. smart grid
Additionally, a 2006 memorandum of understanding, available on-line at
www.epa.gov/greeningepa/contents/sustainable mou 508.pdf, was issued by 16 U.S.
federal agencies, that agreed to:
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. reduce the energy cost budget for new buildings by 30 percent compared to
ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-2004, Energy Standardfor Buildings Except Low-rise
Residential Buildings;
. use a minimum of 20 percent less indoor potable water than the Energy Policy Act of
1992 fixture performance requirements and reduce outdoor potable water consumption
by a minimum of 50 percent over that "consumed by conventional means";
. specify materials and products such as adhesives, sealants, paints, carpet systems, and
furnishings with low pollutant emissions; and
. "use materials with recycle content such that the sum of the post-consumer recycled
content plus one-half of the pre-consumer content constitutes at least 10 percent (based
on cost) ofthe total value ofthe materials in the project."
u.s. CONFERENCE OF MAYORS: The U.S. Conference of Mayors passed the U.S.
Mayors Climate Protection Agreement (as endorsed by the U.S. Conference of Mayors
meeting in Chicago, 2005), where supporting mayors pledge to (1) reduce carbon dioxide
emissions by seven (7) percent below 1990 levels by 2012, (2) urge Congress to pass
greenhouse gas reduction legislation, and (3) strive to meet the Kyoto Protocol targets for
reducing global warming pollution. This document is unique among U.S. elected officials. As
of July 13, 2007, 600 mayors had signed the agreement. For a list of cities that have signed the
agreement, and other conference initiatives visit www.usmavors.org/c1imateprotection .
The conference also passed a 2006 resolution entitled "2030 Challenge," whereby:
. New city buildings will achieve a minimum delivered fossil fuel energy consumption
performance standard of one-half the U.S. average for the building type and
. Conference members work to increase the fossil fuel reduction standard for all new
buildings in their jurisdictions to 60 percent by 2010, 70 percent by 2015,80 percent by
2020, and 90 percent by 2025. The goal is to make all new buildings "carbon-
neutral" by 2030.
FLORIDA GREEN BUILDING COALITION: The Florida Green Building
Coalition (FGBC) is a nonprofit Florida corporation dedicated to improving the built
environment. Its mission is "to provide a statewide green building program with
environmental and economic benefits." The FGBC was conceived and founded in the belief
that green building programs are most successful if there are clear and meaningful principles
on which "green" qualifications are based. Membership is open to any interested individual,
company, or government entity. The FGBC has the following certification programs:
. Green home standard
. Green development standard
. Green high rise standard
. Green local government standard for cities and counties and
. Green commercial buildings standard.
The first green home was by Fallman Design & Construction (Clermont); first green
development was Verandah in Ft. Myers (by the Bonita Bay Group); first green local
government (county) was Pinellas County; and the first green local government (city) was
St. Petersburg.
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Tallahassee recently earned green local government certification and was awarded the Green
City Local Government Standard Award - the second City to receive the award (St. Petersburg
was the first). In August, Mayor John Marks signed the "Mayors' Green City Action Accord,"
demonstrating a commitment to protect the environment and promote energy efficiency.
Leon County shortened its permitting process for green building. The City of Dunedin was
recently certified as a FGBC green city and Martin County is seeking FGBC green local
government certification. The FGBC notes that Fireman's Fund Insurance offers green
building insurance coverage (www.firemansfund.com). The FGBC, in combination with the
Florida Home Builders Association (FHBA) produces the "Florida Green Building Magazine,"
a web version of which may be viewed through the FGBC web site.
The list ofFGBC certified green projects in the state includes the following central Florida
examples:
. A vington Park, in Mt. Dora
. Blue Spring Reserve, in Clermont
. The Colonial 9th Grade Center, in Orlando
. The Eugene & Christine Lynn Business Center (Stetson Univ.), in DeLand and
. Fallman Homes (the 1 st Florida certified green home), in Clermont.
Alys Beach, located on the NW Florida Gulf coast, between Rosemary Beach and Seaside, is
another FGBC green development.
The FGBC Local Government Standard designates green cities and counties for outstanding
environmental stewardship. It offers a standard, based on a comprehensive list of criteria,
organized in terms of local governmental functions. It emphasizes improving environmental
performance through, for example, energy, water, air, land, and waste management. It
further evaluates environmental practices done "in-house," incentives and ordinances to foster
green practices, and educational activities to improve the environment. The standard leverages
many existing programs, including, but not limited to, the Florida Main Street Designation and
Tree City USA. Examples of criteria that are not included in an existing program include
developing local government energy reduction plans, instituting an environmentally
preferable purchasing program, utilizing green fleet management, and promoting water
conservation through utilities administration. The FGBC envisions local governments
creating and enforcing landscape codes that promote the preservation of natural
ecosystems, conserve water, create pedestrian-friendly environments, and follow/practice
the administration of green policies throughout their own organization in everything
from ball field maintenance to in-house recycling.
The local government standard program promotes sharing information and provides examples
and resources that demonstrate how to be green and how to document quantifiable results, such
as financial cost reductions, tons of CO 2 reduction, and tons or cubic yards of waste diverted
from the landfill. The standard is meant to be a useful resource even for those local
governments which have no interest in becoming "certified" or "registered", but are trying to
accomplish a specific goal. Flexibility is important, since no two local governments are
completely alike or perform all the same functions. Further, as local governments learn more
about the benefits of being green, they can provide positive examples for the private sector as
well as provide green incentives. On March 10, 2008, the City of Winter Springs approved
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Resolution No. 2008-17, which endorses the Florida Green Building Coalition's "Green Local
Government Standard" and commits the City to "pursue steps toward becoming a Florida
Green Local Government.. ."
As an incentive to green development, the City of Gainesville, FL, recently adopted an
ordinance giving a $300 discount on building permits for certified green projects, as well as
free fast track permitting (a $350 value). The City is actively promoting green building as
good for the property owner or resident as well as the entire community.
Green Home or Green Commercial Building Standards certification offer benefits to the
owner, the builder/contractor, and the community. For the owner, there is enhanced resale
profitability, enhanced efficient/affordable operation, enhanced indoor air quality, increased
durability, and greater access to financing. For the builder/contractor, certification provides
valuable promotion and advertising, a means to differentiate the product from that of the
competition, increased customer referrals, increased market value, and fewer call-backs. For
the community, certification typically means more efficient water use/conservation, storm-
water management, solid waste management (more recycling and less waste to the landfill),
provision of affordable/workforce housing, and the provision of affordable and reliable energy
sources.
STATE OF FLORIDA: According to the 1000 Friends of Florida, our state is the 4th
largest emitter of green house gases (GHG) in the nation (51 % from utilities & 39% from
tailpipes). The state is the 4th most populous state - and one ofthe fastest growing in the
nation, with 980 new residents arriving each day (and 84.6 million visitor each year). Despite
being the 4th most populous state, FL ranks 3rd, nationally, in total energy consumption. A
majority of the residents live near the 1,350 miles of coastline. Seventy (70) % ofFL's
electricity is generated by fossil fuels.
Governor Crist believes that the state is more vulnerable to rising ocean levels and violent
weather than any other state and that the potential impacts of climate change could
significantly affect FL's business, public infrastructure, and way oflife. Therefore, he has
stated that global climate change is one of the most important issues facing Florida in the 21 st
century and that the actions FL takes to reduce GHG emissions, in conjunction with actions
taken elsewhere in the US and around the world, could significantly reduce the potential for
negative effects in the state.
The state government is the largest employer within the state, with 113,756 employees, more
than $1 billion annual commodity purchases, and 16.8 million SF of office space statewide.
On July 12 and 13,2007, FL hosted the Serve to Conserve Climate Change Summit in
Miami. At about that same time, Governor Crist signed a series of executive orders (#s 2007-
126, 2007-127, & 2007-128) creating the strictest environmental standard in the state's history.
Thru these orders, he stated our vulnerability to the ramifications of global climate change, that
immediate action is available and required, and that FL has committed to becoming a leader in
reducing GHG emissions that are changing the earth's climate - that the state must lead by
example in reducing these emissions and demonstrating the economic value of these
reductions.
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Executive Order No. 2007-126 requires state agencies to reduce emissions by 10% in the next
5 years (25% by 2017; 40% by 2025). It also requires LEED NC for all new buildings
constructed for or by the state ofFL. Existing buildings are to be prioritized for LEED EB
certification. State agencies and departments are precluded from new leasing agreements for
office space that does not meet Energy Star building standards, unless certified that no other
viable alternative exists. Energy conservation standards are to be developed for new and
existing office space where state agencies occupy more than 20,000 SF. The state (Department
of Management Services) shall develop and implement a model solar project for state-owned
office buildings for future expansion. Fuel efficiency and climate performance criteria for the
state's motor vehicle fleet were also set forth, including, but not limited to, alternative fuels
use, vehicles with the greatest fuel efficiency in a given class, and strict vehicular maintenance
schedules.
Executive Order No. 2007- 127 establishes GHG emission reduction targets for the state as
follows: by 2017, reduce GHG emissions to the 2000 levels, by 2025, reduce GHG emissions
to 1990 levels, and by 2050, reduce GHG emissions to 80% of 1990 levels. The FDEP
Secretary is charged (1) to develop rules, authorized under Chapter 403, FS, to reduce
allowable GHG emissions from FL's electrical utilities as follows: by 2017, reduce GHG
emissions to 2000 levels, by 2025 reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels, and by 2050, reduce
GHG emissions by 80% of 1990 levels; (2) to adopt California motor vehicle standards, upon
approval of the US EPA; and (3) adopt a statewide diesel engine idle reduction standard. The
DCA Secretary is charged (1) to convene the FL Building Commission to revise the FL
Energy Code for Building Construction to increase the energy performance of new
construction in the state by at least 15% from the 2007 Energy Code (the target implementation
date is January 1,2009) and (2) to initiate rulemaking ofthe FL Energy Conservation
Standards (Chapter (B-44, F AC), with the objective to increase consumer appliance efficiency
(as authorized by Sec. 553.957, FS) by 15% from current standards for implementation by July
1,2009. The Public Service Commission was requested to take the following actions: (1) By
September 1,2007, to initiate rulemaking to require that utilities produce at least 20% of their
electricity from renewable resources, with a strong focus on solar and wind technology; (2) by
September 1,2007, to initiate rulemaking to reduce the cost of connecting solar and other
renewable energy technologies to the state's power grid, by adopting the Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard 1547; and (3) by September 1, 2007, to initiate
rulemaking to authorize a uniform, statewide method to enable commercial and residential
customers who generate electricity from on-site renewable technologies of as much as 1
megawatt capacity to offset their consumption over a billing period by allowing the electric
meters to turn backward (net metering).
Executive Order No. 2007-128 establishes the FL Governor's Action Team on Energy and
Climate Change to develop a comprehensive Energy and Climate Change Action Plan that
will meet or exceed the GHG emission reductions specified in Order No. 2007- 127. The plan
will be completed in 2 phases. Phase I: by November 1, 2007, the Action Team was to issue
recommendations including any legislative initiatives on a list of 11 priorities. Phase II: by
October 1, 2008, the Action Team shall issue recommendations on a list of 6 priorities. The
FDEP Secretary is directed to provide professional staffing and assistance (in conjunction
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with the DC, FDOT, PSC, and Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission) required by the
Action Team to complete the plan.
Florida Water Star: Florida Water Star is a points-based, new home construction water
efficiency program, similar to the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's Energy Star
program for appliances. The program focuses on water use efficiency (both inside and outside
of the home) as well as leak and break protection and practices that minimize mold and mildew
potential. Objectives included increasing the knowledge level within the building industry
about water efficient building practices and to provide both educational resources and
incentives to incorporate these into the marketplace.
Studies have found that incorporating the Florida Water Star features into new home
construction can save between 20 to 26 percent of indoor water use and approximately 40
percent of outdoor water use. Based on a study of 70 different N.E. Florida homes with an
average monthly usage of 26,500 gallons, the savings could be 7,950 gallons per month
(95,400 gallons per year). Provision of500 new homes to Florida Water Star standards, each
saving 95,000 gallons per year, would save a total of 47.5 million gallons of water each year.
Indoor water use efficiency is determined by the number of points for such items as select
clothes washers, dishwashers, toilets, water heaters, refrigerators, water line insulation, faucets,
shower heads, cut-off valves for shower heads, laminar flow, grey-water re-use, and a whole
house leak detection system. Outdoor landscape points are calculated for such practices as
preserving at least 10 percent of the overall lot area in existing native trees, shrubs, and
ground cover, not having invasive plant species, keeping the plant species selection compatible
with soils and other site-specific conditions, grouping plants with similar moisture and
maintenance requirements, using species that do not require permanent irrigation, limiting the
turf area, planting a sufficient number of shade trees to attain a minimum of 30 percent shade
at maturity, and planting from an approved waterwise landscape planting palette. Landscape
irrigation points are calculated for such practices as not providing permanent in-ground
irrigation, if in conjunction with site appropriate landscaping that does not require irrigation or
the provision of micro-irrigation, hose bibs for manually watering non-irrigated planting beds,
limited high-volume irrigation area, pressure-regulating valves or pressure-compensating spray
heads, rain or soil moisture sensors, irrigation controller with seasonal variation based on
historical evapotranspiration rates, leak detection shut-off systems, and non-potable irrigation
source
GREEN ROOFS:
Overview: A green roof consists primarily of vegetation and a growing medium, planted
over a waterproofing membrane. Additional layers may include a root barrier, drainage, and
irrigation systems. Green roofs may be and have been incorporated into the design of
residences, office buildings, other commercial structures, institutional buildings, and industrial
buildings. Europe has undergone a green roof revolution over the last 30 years, where the
pertinent technologies have advanced. In contrast, green roofs have only begun to come into
vogue in the U.S.
Rooftops are typically vastly underutilized urban spaces. They can become landscaped plazas
or gardens for the inhabitants of the building to congregate or provide simple utilitarian
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functions, such as stormwater management, insulation (particularly in the summer), protection
of the underlying roofing materials, reduce noise and air pollution, sequester carbon, and
reduce the heat island effect of the built environment. On hot days, the surface of a vegetated
or green rooftop can be cooler than the ambient air temperature, in contrast to the surface of a
conventional rooftop - which may be as much as 90 degrees F. warmer. As much as 75
percent of up to one half inch of rainfall can typically be absorbed by 3-5 inches of growing
medium, thus potentially reducing stormwater management requirements (particularly, if in
conjunction with a cistern). One report states that runoff may be reduced by as much as 95
percent from a one (1) inch rainfall.
There are two (2) types of green roofs, intensive and extensive. An intensive green roof
requires at least one foot deep growing medium and accommodates trees, shrubs and well-
maintained gardens. It includes complex irrigation and drainage systems, regular access, and
significant maintenance and typically adds 80-150 pounds per square foot of load to the
structure. An extensive green roof requires 1-5 inches of growing medium and accommodates
various groundcover and grasses. It includes simple irrigation and drainage systems and is
typically not designed for public access or frequent maintenance. It typically adds 12-50
pounds per square foot of load to the structure, depending upon the growing medium. The US
EP A estimates the October 2007 cost an extensive green roof at about $8.00 per square foot, in
comparison to a conventional built-up roof, which starts at about $1.25, and a cool membrane
roof, which starts at about $1.50. Green roofs require more labor and material than
conventional roofing and there are presently fewer contractors knowledgeable in their
installati on.
University of Central Florida: The University of Central Florida (UCF), the 6th largest
U.S. university, is the home ofthe Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC), which is the largest
and most active state-supported energy research institute in the nation
(http;//www.floridaenergycenter.org).Itincludes advanced energy research (e.g. alternative
transportation systems, hydrogen fuel and fuel cells), buildings research (e.g. energy-efficient
buildings), and solar energy (e.g. solar water and pool heating and solar electric and distributed
generation systems).
UCF and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) constructed and are
monitoring a 1,600 S.F. green roof on the Student Union building expansion. Primarily native
plants are grown in a 4-6" media that has an under-drain. A cistern stores runoff, with a return
irrigation feature. The roof helps capture storm-water runoff, stabilize temperature in the
building, and extend the life ofthe roof. This is the second green roof at UCF and the second
FDEP sponsored green roof (the 1 st FDEP sponsored green roof was installed at Bonita Bay).
UCF President John Hitt is a member of the leadership circle of the American College &
University Presidents Climate Commitment, which works to lower campus greenhouse gas
emissions. The university has committed to construct all new buildings, including its
College of Medicine, to at least the LEED silver standard.
American Society of Landscape Architects: In 2006, the American Society of
Landscape Architects (ASLA) retrofitted its existing headquarters with a green roof that
lessens the environmental impact of the structure and also creates valuable and well designed
April 14, 2008
Regular Item #602
Page 12 of17
open space for the occupants. The major challenges encountered in the retrofit were listed as
the existing roof access points, HV AC unit relocations, and permitting.
The City of Chicago: The City of Chicago installed a green roof on its more than 100
year-old City Hall, one of the most visible and recognizable structures in the city. Completed
in 2001, the green roof was designed to test different types of green roof systems, heating and
cooling benefits, success rates of native and non-native vegetation, and reductions in
stormwater runoff. Three (3) different systems were integrated into the design with growing
medium depths of 4, 6, and 18 inches (extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive, respectively).
During its first summer, research indicated that the ambient air temperature on the green roof
was as much as 78 degrees F. lower than on nearby black flat roof areas.
The rooftop is not normally accessible to the public, but is visually accessible from 33 nearby
taller buildings. The design is intended to be seen from these nearby buildings or vantage
points. The plantings, which include 100 species, are organized in a sunburst pattern that
arranges groups of plants over the three (3) different roof systems. The plants are organized by
bloom color. As the season progresses from spring to autumn, plants bloom across the
sunburst pattern. Radiating bands of floral color are segregated by radiating bands of grasses.
Private and public parties in Chicago have installed or are planning to install mover than 43
green roofs. Portland has more than 42 projects. Other green roof projects include a 69,000
S.F. extensive green roof on its GAP San Bruno California headquarters, Ford Motor
Company's green roof on its corporate headquarters, the Mormon Church's 348,480 S.F.
extensive and intensive green roof on its conference center in Salt Lake City, two (2) green
roofs totaling 28,190 S.F. at Ducks Unlimited's national headquarters, a 30,000 S.F. extensive
green roof at the Montgomery Business Park in Baltimore, and the Boston World Trade
Center.
INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS: The term "intelligent buildings" emerged in the early
1980s. At that time, trade magazines concerning individualized utility functions (e.g.
mechanical systems, telecommunications, security) touted making their individual functions
more efficient. Through the years, there has been increased pressure to build intelligent
buildings that integrate the various functions through a single computerized system, because
they are more efficient and economical to operate as well as because they are safer and more
user- friendly.
There is no official definition of what constitutes an intelligent building. One definition, which
came from the International Symposium in Toronto in May of 1985 reads as follows:
"An intelligent building combines innovations, technological or not, with skillful
management, to maximize return on investment."
Another definition reads:
"Use of technology and process to create a building that is safer and more productive
for its occupants and more operationally efficient for its owners."
April14,2008
Regular Item #602
Page 13 of 17
Intelligent buildings are typically high technology and energy efficient and typically integrate,
for example, energy efficiency, life-safety systems, telecommunications, and workplace
automation through a single computerized system, controlled by a centralized common user
interface (integrated systems control of, for example, electronic project documentation,
maintenance management and dispatch, temperature, humidity, lighting, acoustic, digital
signage, digital video monitoring, access control and monitoring, automatic fire alarm and
suppression, emergency egress, contaminant monitoring and containment, internet enabled
controls, utility metering and sub-meteringlbilling, and power quality monitoring). This shared
network for various building systems reduces the expense and frustration associated with
installing and operating multiple autonomous building systems. These integrated systems
require more initial effort, as they must be designed by a multi-disciplined team, considering
the interaction and integration of the various systems from the outset. The result, however,
provides more long-term sustainability and user satisfaction (by the owners, facility
management, tenants, and their clients).
Determining the Scope and purpose of the proposed building is an initial step in an intelligent
design. The owner/developer must identify purpose and needs of the targeted building's
occupants. This will vary, depending upon whether it will be owner-occupied or a commercial
development. Owner-occupied buildings benefit from surveys and focus groups of the future
occupants, to analyze and prioritize their needs and select appropriate product features.
Commercial development benefits from identifying the target market and designing amenities
to suit that market.
It is imperative to realize that in sustainable development, few projects continue to be used as
originally envisioned. Ten (10) and 20 year buildings, planned for one use over a very limited
lifetime, after which they are to be demolished, are not acceptable. Good design incorporates
flexibility to allow for change to meet the needs of both present and future occupants/users.
The chosen intelligent attributes must be included in the project budget, well in advance of
design. Just as in creating a LEED-certified project, there must be a focused commitment to
invest in a project with superior performance and value and a commitment not to "value
engineer" out the intelligent components.
Intelligent design begins with site selection and integration - looking at the site as it
integrates into the community. This includes, but is not limited to, determining whether the
site is a greenfield, infill, or brownfield site; the solar efficiency; transportation and other
public infrastructure availability; consistency with the Comprehensive Plan; and generally how
it fits into the community. The building should be designed to encourage its occupants'
productivity, efficiency, and creativity. This includes attention to how people circulate
horizontally and vertically through the building, internal signage, and provision of formal and
informal spaces for human networking. Formal spaces include conference rooms, class rooms,
and training rooms. Informal spaces include coffee shops, niches and seating areas in
corridors, out-door seating areas, and other places where the occupants can congregate for brief
planned or unplanned interaction.
Intelligent buildings are environmentally friendly. They are designed for long-term
sustainability and minimal environmental impact (which may include recycled or recyclable
April 14, 2008
Regular Item #602
Page 14 of 17
materials, construction, maintenance, and operations procedures). Integrating building controls
optimizes operations, lowers costs and energy use, while providing a more definitive focus on
occupants' comfort and productivity, compared to non-intelligent buildings. The USGBC
LEED program is an excellent starting point for an intelligent building, as the goals and
benefits of both have a strong synergy.
Intelligent building design begins with a complete model. This model may begin with CAD
designs that evolve into renderings. Modeling is useful beyond design, continuing into
construction, operation, and the eventual re-commissioning of critical building systems.
Ideally, it will endure the lifespan ofthe building, be updated as necessary, and serve as a
digital document for the building.
INTELLIGENT CITIES & COMMUNITIES: In the approximately 100 years of
the automobile, it has fundamentally changed the world around us. Digital technologies,
which are still developing, are projected to affect cities and institutions with equal or greater
magnitude. Emergency management (involving, for example, police, fire, medical, traffic,
water, sewer, hazardous materials, waste management, weather events, and flooding) is
expected to take on a more comprehensive and efficient role, becoming integrated into every
facet of municipal planning and operations. The intelligent city will incorporate each of the
emergency management elements (i.e. preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation) into
its planning and operational matrix. The changes can be surmised by evaluating trends in
telecommunications, computing, cybernetics, government, industry, education, and emergency
management.
The field of cybernetics is essential to the intelligent city. Cybernetics is the study of control
and communication processes in electronic, mechanical, and biological systems. It has the
ability to synthesize and simulate intelligent systems and can provide the means to improve
planning, decision making, and problem solving processes. In some cases, it leads to
automating these systems. The systems need to be flexible and dynamic, whereby subsystems
adjust as needed to maximize the well-being ofthe whole (involving "negative feedback,"
whereby "behavior" or activity is modified in response to a change in the environment).
Incorporation of cybernetics should help minimize the inherent lack of coordination,
interagency conflict, inefficient use of resources, and other problems often encountered in
emergency management. The next generation of global positioning satellites (GPS) and
geographic information systems (GIS) in conjunction with emergency warning and notification
systems could, for example, regulate and disperse traffic flows and notify homes and
businesses of nearby or approaching dangers. In short, the intelligent city will be able to detect
problems in their earlier stages, enabling prevention or at least minimization of many crisis
situations.
Increased sensing and monitoring and further control and conditioning will likely create
tension between the rights of individuals versus the well-being of society - the right to
privacy (as emanates from the 4th and 9th amendments to the U.S. Constitution) balanced with
monitoring activities. The potential for abuse has been described in two classics from the
1900s: George Orwell's 1984 and Aldous Huxley's Brave New World.
April14, 2008
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Page 15 of 17
The Intelligent Community Forum (ICF), a non-profit think-tank that focuses on job creation
and economic development in the broadband economy, has presented an annual award for the
Intelligent Community, Intelligent Building, Intelligent Community Technology, and
Intelligent Community Visionary ofthe year since 1999. The ICF Intelligent Community list
is based on how advance the communities (a "community" can be as small as a town or village,
a metropolitan area, or as large as an entire state) deploy broadband, build a knowledge-based
workforce, combine government and private sector "digital inclusion," foster innovation, and
market economic development. Two (2) U.S. cities have received the Intelligent Community
award: LaGrange, GA (2000) and New York City (2001).
The Florida High Tech Corridor (23 central Florida counties located between Cape
Canaveral and Tama/St. Petersburg, with a population of approximately 5,500,000) was
among the top seven (7) Intelligent Communities recognized by the ICF in 2002. This
corridor contains more than 20,898 technology businesses, employing more than 268,000
people in such endeavors as optics, photonics, medical technology, information technology,
aviation, aerospace, simulation and training, and micro-electronics (please see
Attachment "B" for specifics). "Business Week" rated it one of the fastest growing technology
centers in America. The high tech providers serving the corridor include V erizon, GTE,
RoadRunner, Time Warner, Earthlink, and AOL, delivering DSL and cable modem service.
The Florida High Tech Corridor, like most successful technology clusters, resulted from an
effective collaboration of academia (primarily the University of Central Florida, the
University of South Florida, and the University of Florida - please see summary of these 3 in
Attachment "C"), the private sector, state government, and local governments. The Florida
High Tech Corridor Council is a positive example of a public-private partnership that aims to
solve workforce development problems for the broadband economy before they can stifle
future growth. It obtained a $1.4 million grant from the Nation Science Foundation to fund
technology education. The above-mentioned universities and private sector raised more than
$80 million to fund workforce development and research programs.
Florida's pro-business climate and the combined educational power of three (3) ofthe nations
10 largest universities (also noting various private colleges and 14 community colleges) creates
a favorable environment for high-tech business. One major breakthrough in 2006 was the
Burnham Institute for Medical Research's decision to locate its east coast operations in
Orlando, near UCF's new medical school (scheduled to open in 2009). The Scripps Research
Institute, the Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, M2GEN, and the Max Planck
Institute furthered the pivotal role of the universities and the corridor. In 2007, the University
of Florida's Florida Institute for Sustainable Energy (FISE) was awarded $20 million by the
state legislature to build a new biofuels pilot plant to use biomass waste and also won a $4.5
million award to establish an Energy Technology Incubator.
Intelligent Cities and Communities have been recognized around the world, although the Asia-
Pacific region (straddling Asia and Australia), with a rapidly growing population totaling
about 2 billion, appears on the forefront of developing Intelligent Cities. Many Asia-
Pacific cities have populations in excess of 4 or 5 million and exhibit an ever-increasing
demand for more effective urban planning and efficient resource allocation through the
effective and appropriate use of technology. There, Intelligent Buildings are linked to the
April14,2008
Regular Item #602
Page 16 of 18
broader Intelligent City through the cities' infrastructure. Entire cities are being re-built and at
least one new 1,364 acre South Korean city, Songdo (part of the Incheon Free Economic
Zone), is being built to the new standard - without the limitations of conforming to or
accommodating older legacy infrastructure. Singapore (the 1999 ICF Intelligent Community
award winner) is the prototype model for the Intelligent City. An island city-state of about 4
million people, has transformed itself from a developing nation to rank in the top 5 nations for
per capita gross domestic product (GDP - the measure that replaced gross national product or
GNP). Singapore implemented the world's first electronic road pricing system, which
charges a fee to drive on constrained roadways during peak traffic hours.
CITY OF WINTER SPRINGS: The City of Winter Springs currently is involved in
some green programs, through administration of the current building codes (which require
energy efficiency and water conservation fixtures), requiring a minimum amount of native
and/or drought-tolerant landscaping, the Tree City U.S.A. program, expanding its reclaimed
water program, purchasing hybrid vehicles or most efficient vehicle in its class, provision of a
farmers' market, provision for porous or permeable paving, LED traffic and municipal
lighting, recycling, provision for compact parking spaces, and plans for strategically located
transit stops (please see Attachment D - Green Options for a list of options, including those we
do to some extent and others that we recommend for consideration). On March 10, 2008, the
City approved Resolution 2008-17, which endorses the Florida Green Building Coalition's
"Green Local Government Standard" and commits the City to "pursue steps toward becoming
a Florida Green Local Government."
RECOMMENDATION: This report is represents only the "tip of the iceberg" of green
information. There are major policy issues at stake, with potentially major long-term and
short-term economic and ecological ramifications which should be further addressed.
There are three (3) logical standards to pick and choose from if the Commission decides to
further pursue green options: (1) the state of Florida standards, (2) the Florida Green
Building Coalition's "Green Local Government Standard," and (3) the U.S. Conference of
Mayors standard. The Commission can adopt one or more of these or pick and choose from
within anyone of these without formally adopting any particular standard. The Attachment D
further provides a list of green options and recommendations for the Commission to
consider, particularly expanding the green options that the City already participates in to
some degree, provision for using green chemicals, and giving preference to green
development.
If the Commission wishes to further pursue green options, staff recommends that at least one
workshop (or even a charette) be devoted to the costs, benefits, extent to which the City is
already participating, and the short and long term practicality of the various options.
ATTACHMENTS:
A.I0 Principles of Smart Growth
B. Florida High Tech Corridor Statistics
C. Powerhouse Partners (the 3 Universities)
D. Green Options
E. U.S. Conference of Mayors
April 14, 2008
Regular Item #602
Page 17 of 18
COMMISSION ACTION:
April14,2008
Regular Item #602
Page 18 of 18
Attachment A
to Principles of Smart Growth:
1. Mix land uses.
2. Take advantage of compact building design.
3. Create a range of housing opportunities and choices.
4. Create walkable neighborhoods.
5. Foster distinctive, attractive communities with a strong sense of place.
6. Preserve open space, farmland, natural beauty, and critical environmental places.
7. Strengthen and direct development toward existing communities.
8. Provide a variety of transportation choices.
9. Make development decisions predictable, fair, and cost effective.
to.Encourage community and stakeholder collaboration in development decisions.
~TTACHMENT B-
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64
2008 florida.HIGH.TECH
2.6%
Other Aircraft Parts
and Auxiliary Equipment
Manufacturing
44.2%
Guided Missile and
Space Veh Iele
Manufacturing
~
Number of Companies:
Number of Employees:
Total Annual Payroll:
4,526
42,040
$3.0 billion
0.6%
Pharmaceutical Preparation
Manufacturing
15.4% ~
Ophthalmic Goods
Manufacturing
19.9% --:,
Surgical Appliance ~ I
and Supplies / .'
Manufacturing '..
40.1 %
Surglca I and
Medical
Instrument
Manufacturing
~ 24.0%
Electromedlcal and Electrotherapeutic
Apparatus Manufacturing
florida.HlGH.TECH
28.1%
Instruments and Related
Products Manufacturing
for Measuring, Displaying,
and Controlling Industrial
Process Variables ~
/
71.9%
Other Measuring and
Controlling Device
Manufacturing
11.6%
Activities Related to
Credit Intermediation
20.4% ~
Nondeposllory
Credit Intermediation
Unless you know your game's feeding,
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your hunt in great detail and follow your
Plan with precision, you're not hunting at
all... you're just walking in the woods.
-Howard Hill (legendary archer)
No matter what your company's objectives... launching a product,
increasing sales, building reputation, attracting skilled employees or
venture capital... you can't reach your target without first taking aim.
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681
2008 tlonda.HIGH.TECH
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>> You may not find their names in a search of Roget's Thesaurus when look-
ing for synonyms for "partnership," but three Florida universities have
essentially become synonymous for partnerships in higher education and
economic development. · Through the Florida High Tech Corridor Council, the
University of Central Florida CUCF), the University of South Florida CUSF) and the
University of Florida CUF) have created a model for putting the power of higher
education to work as a tool to attract, retain and grow high tech industry. · Yet
as much as this partnership creates a single image of the three, they are distinctly
different and each has become known for unique attributes that make them among
America's leading research universities.
University of
Central Florida
UCF in Orlando, now ranked as Amer-
ica's 6th largest university, was founded
a scant 45 years ago when locals sought
to bring a state university to what was
then a relatively small city known for
citrus and tourism. Many dubbed it "the
space university" because in its service
footprint was the Kennedy Space Center
and NASA's burgeoning operations.
Today UCF's explosive growth in-
cludes a medical school set to greet its
first class in 2009, the Burnett School
of Biomolecular Science, the Center for
Research and Education in Optics and
Lasers and the Institute for Simulation
and Training among others.
UCF passed the $100 million mark
in external research funding for the first
time ever in 2004/2005 and the $120
million mark in 2006/2007. UCF's new
medical school will boast as its next-
door neighbor the Burnham Institute for
Medical Research, which is locating its
East Coast headquarters in Orlando.
University of
South Florida
With more than 45,000 students,
US F in Tampa is the nation's 9th larg-
est university. It has achieved national
prominence in medicine, biomolecular
science, cancer research, nanotechnology
and more as one of the nation's top 63
public research universities and one of
39 community-engaged public universi-
ties, as designated by the Carnegie Foun-
dation for the Advancement ofTeaching.
With its medical school and the
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Re-
search Institute earning the university
national recognition, USF is one of the
nation's top centers for researching new
treatments for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's
and Huntington's diseases. Research at
USF tops $300 million.
USF's renowned marine sciences
program was key in attracting SRI In-
ternational to locate a facility adjacent
to the university's St. Petersburg bayside
campus. SRI will transfer academic
research to commercial uses.
University of
Florida
U F in Gainesville is one of the
nation's top three universities in the
number of majors offered on a single
campus with 21 colleges and schools
and more than 100 interdisciplinary
research centers, bureaus and institutes.
U F's leadership positions in medi-
cine, life sciences, nanotechnology and
computer science are but a few of the
programs that have propelled it to the
national spotlight. The university is home
to the Evelyn F. & William L. McKnight
Brain Institute - one of the world's larg-
est research institutions devoted to the
challenges of brain and nervous system
disorders. And the U F Shands Cancer
Center is the premier academic cancer
center in the Southeast.
The university's work to commercial-
ize technology has been so successful it
prompted a BusinessWeek article after
Florida's license income jumped from
$11 million 10 years earlier to $40.3
million, more even than M IT or Caltech.
151
llorida.HIGH.TECH 2008
L~ccrit~al
~Floridcl
John Hitt, President
"Collaboration and cooperation are powerful tools. The Florida High Tech Corridor Council
is a unique alliance of three distinctly different universities that have been willing to lay aside
individual priorities when our combined strengths can be put to work for regional goals.
I dare say you won't find this partnership anywhere else. It is one in which I take pride and
it is encouraging that universities and communities from around the country continue to call
on us to ask how they can collaborate as we have.
I tell them that this alliance is something like a chemical reaction. You need a mix of com-
patible elements, including dedicated people in academia and visionary leaders in industry
who see the long-term payback of work ing together rather than competing with each other.
And speaking of dedicated people, we would be remiss if we did not point out that our
Council President Randy Berridge was named by Tech Journal South as one of The 25 Most
I nfluential People in Tech Southeast. Randy does a fine job for our cause."
52
2008 florida.HIGH.TECH
UNIVERSITY OF
--
SOUTH FLORIDA
~ Judy Genshaft, President
\\ Florida's investment in creating a research-based economy is clearly paying off and the cluster of research
organizations choosing to locate on the Florida High Tech Corridor promises great things for generations to come.
As you listen to the executives of organizations like SRI International, Merck's M2G EN project and The Burnham
Institute you hear a central theme - that our universities played a key role in their decisions to come here.
That is a result of a combination of factors including academic excellence, outstanding faculty - and certainly
the willingness of our three institutions to work together to attract, retain and grow these organizations and to be
prepared to help develop the workforce they will need to thrive here.
In 2007, the Florida High Tech Corridor Council (F HTCC) was honored by Core Net Global, the world's pre-
mier association for corporate real estate and related professionals. F HTCC was a finalist in the Leadership and
Innovation category of CoreNet's annual awards program.
Long term, the return on investment will mean our region's economy is stronger and more diverse and that
graduates of our universities will be participating in world-class science right here at home./I
OF
UNIVERSITY Of
FLORIDA
Bernard Machen, President
"The full promise of the University of Florida's participation in the Florida High Tech Corridor
Council has begun to come to fruition in the past year and nothing demonstrates that more than
this number: $4,560,832.
That is the value of all of the Matching Grants Research Program projects funded by our three
Corridor universities this year and U F is proud to have become a full partner in that effort to
inspire university-based research.
Equally important is the match of corporate dollars, in-kind contributions and additional grants
that those corporate partners have brought to the table to result in a total value of $18,339,298
being spent in this program this year to put faculty and graduate students to work as researchers
with corporate scientists.
Our Corridor truly is a center of diverse technological interests and we are investing in a broad
range of research from agritechnology to aviation and aerospace -literally from here to the stars./I
54
2008 florida.HIGH.TECH
ATTACHMENT D
Green Options
Green roofs (or at least light color roofs, to reduce the heat island effect)
Cisterns (capture rainfall for use in irrigation, cooling, or toilets)
*Porous or permeable paving (captures rainfall and diminishes heat island effect)
Rain gardens (which are typically more attractive and biologically diverse than the
typical stormwater pond)
*Integrated building and site systems and paperless procedures
*Solar photovoltaic cells and reversible electric meters (to sell excess power back;
building code encourages solar lighting - in lieu of low voltage lighting)
*Solar hot water (building code encourage this for buildings and pools)
*Day-lighting (outside light source, skylight - may be directed internally with mirrors;
building code encourages this)
*Sensory-activated lighting and cooling (or at least turn off the switch when done)
Passive ventilation (design incorporates natural circulation of outside air to reduce use of
mechanical units), building orientation, porches/awnings/canopies
Green-oriented restrictive covenants and development agreements
LEED or FGBC certification for new City-owned construction & renovation
Energy efficient appliances, mechanical units, computers, & lighting (part of Energy tar)
*LED traffic and municipal lighting
Indoor vegetation (improves air quality)
Window tinting or insulated glass
Water efficient fixtures (part of Florida Water Star; plumbing code regulates and
encourages water-efficient fixtures: FBC-P Table 604.4 )
* *Environmentally- friendly chemicals:
- fertilizers, cleaning materials, non-VOC paints, carpets, adhesives, & anti-freeze
Flexible work hours
*Recycling program (& buy recycled or otherwise "green" products, when available)
*Native/drought-tolerantledible vegetation to match existing soil conditions
*Expand reclaimed water irrigation
*Strategically located and coordinated transit stops/routes
Community gardens
*Farmers market for local food products (not imports or a flea market)
** Allow more compact parking spaces, especially in combination with bus stops
**Cooperation with USDA extension offices:
- community gardens - backyard composting - organic/low impact alternatives
- xeriscape/native/site-sensitive - community environmental education
*Tree planting space/tree inventory for City-owned lands & ROWs
Vouchers for trading in used operable AC units on new efficient models (Gainesville, FL)
LEED training for Building Division
Charette with UCF, FGBC, businesses, and residents to determine green strategy
*Hybrid vehicles or most efficient vehicle in its category/class
Promote car sharing, particularly in the Town Center
Bio-diesel from cooking oil/grease
* * Give preference to Green development (e.g. expedited permitting or waive some fees,
depending on extent - Gainesville, FL example of up to a 25 % permit fee reduction)
Award prizes for green essays/projects in local educational institutions - including UCF
Encourage new forms of insulation and attic ventilation (and crawl spaces under floors)
ATTACHMENT E
The U.S. Mayors Climate Protection Agreement
(As endorsed by the 73'd Annual U.S. Conference of Mayors meeting, Chicago, 2005)
A. We urge the federal government and state governments to enact policies and programs
to meet or beat the target of reducing global warming pollution levels to 7 percent
below 1990 levels by 2012, including efforts to: reduce the United States' dependence
on fossil fuels and accelerate the development of clean, economical energy resources
and fuel-efficient technologies such as conservation, methane recovery for energy
generation, waste to energy, wind and solar energy, fuel cells, efficient motor vehicles,
and biofuels;
B. We urge the U.S. Congress to pass bipartisan greenhouse gas reduction legislation that
1) includes clear timetables and emissions limits and 2) a flexible, market-based system
of tradable allowances among emitting industries; and
C. We will strive to meet or exceed Kyoto Protocol targets for reducing global warming
pollution by taking actions in our own operations and communities such as:
1. Inventory global warming emissions in City operations and in the community,
set reduction targets and create an action plan.
2. Adopt and enforce land-use policies that reduce sprawl, preserve open space,
and create compact, walkable urban communities;
3. Promote transportation options such as bicycle trails, commute trip reduction
programs, incentives for car pooling and publiC transit;
4. Increase the use of clean, alternative energy by, for example, investing in
"green tags", advocating for the development of renewable energy resources,
recovering landfill methane for energy production, and supporting the use of
waste to energy technology;
5. Make energy efficiency a priority through building code improvements,
retrofitting city facilities with energy efficient lighting and urging employees to
conserve energy and save money;
6. Purchase only Energy Star equipment and appliances for City use;
7. Practice and promote sustainable building practices using the U.S. Green
Building Council's LEED program or a similar system;
8. Increase the average fuel efficiency of municipal fleet vehicles; reduce the
number of vehicles; launch an employee education program including anti-
idling messages; convert diesel vehicles to bio-diesel;
9. Evaluate opportunities to increase pump efficiency in water and wastewater
systems; recover wastewater treatment methane for energy production;
10. Increase recycling rates in City operations and in the community;
11. Maintain healthy urban forests; promote tree planting to increase shading
and to absorb C02; and
12. Help educate the public, schools, other jurisdictions, professional associations,
business and industry about reducing global warming pollution.
1
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For Immediate Release
Date: July 13, 2007
Contact: Lina Garcia / Mayors Climate Protection Center
202.861.6735 or Igarcia@usmayors.org
600 Mayors in All 50 States and Puerto Rico
Take Action to Reduce Global Warming
Washington, DC - Today, 600 U.S. Mayors have signed The U.S. Conference of Mayors' Climate
Protection Agreement, an agreement where supporting mayors pledge to reduce carbon dioxide emissions
by 7 percent below 1990 levels by 2012. This agreement is the only climate protection agreement of its
kind among U.S. elected officials. Cedar Rapids Mayor Kay Halloran became the 600th mayor to sign the
agreement.
The rapidly growing support from mayors for this agreement is significant because more than two-thirds
of the American population currently live in cities. "We're proud to have the support of 600 mayors from
all 50 states sign this agreement but we won't stop until every U.S. mayor has joined the fight to protect
our climate," said Conference President Trenton Mayor Douglas H. Palmer. "The significant commitment
by mayors to confront this global challenge is strong evidence of the growing political consensus from the
local level to protect our climate now."
Conference Vice President Miami Mayor Manuel Diaz stated, "Mayors in Florida are attuned to the
threats that global warming poses to cities especially coastal communities, that is why so many mayors in
my state have joined the campaign to reduce global warming."
"City by city across America mayors are taking action. Isn't it time our Federal government joined the
fray? Our grandchildren would appreciate it," said Conference Advisory Board Chair Seattle Mayor Greg
Nickels, who first launched the mayors climate agreement in 2005.
Conference Executive Director Tom Cochran added, "We left our historical 75th Annual Meeting
exceeding our aggressive goal to have 500 cities sign our climate agreement. Climate protection
dominated our deliberations and we confirmed that mayors are on the front lines in protecting the
environment in American cities."
In early May, Conference President Palmer announced during a convening of international mayors in
New York, that Tulsa Mayor Kathy Taylor became the 500th mayor to sign the agreement, further
demonstrating the geographic support behind the agreement.
To view a list of mayors who are signatories to the U.S. Conference of Mayors Climate Protection
Agreement, please visit usmayors.org/climateprotection.
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